Comparison of 1470 nm Laser and Radial 2ring Fiber with 980 nm Laser and Bare-Tip Fiber in Endovenous Laser Ablation of Saphenous Varicose Veins: A Multicenter, Prospective, Randomized, Non-Blind Study

Endovenous Laser Ablation Combined with Stripping Technique for Large Saphenous Varicose Veins: The Selection of Operation Technique

“…RFA and 1470 nm EVLA have been used toward alleviating pain and reducing postoperative recurrence since it became covered by Japan s health insurance in 2015, despite their potential complications of phlebitis, infection, sensory nerve injury, and skin burn or discoloration. 1,2) EVLA is minimally invasive and, therefore, improves the cosmetic outcome, resulting in lesser postoperative pain and faster recovery. In 2016, Kurihara et al reported that 0.4% and 2.7% DVT in the calf veins were detected after treatment with 1470 nm EVLA and EHIT classes 2 and 3, respectively.…”

“…Generally, post-EVLA ecchymosis and bruising at the treated site was observed in most of the patients, which disappeared within 2 to 3 weeks. 1,2) In 2016, Satokawa et al demonstrated the delivery of 980 nm ELVeS laser energy at a mean output power of 10 W and mean LEED of 76.7 J/cm. 1) We selected 1470 nm ELVeS in continuous mode for ablation on a mean high LEED of 132.8 J/cm in the Trendelenburg position and compression of SFJ lesion of large saphenous varicose veins during the start of ablation.…”

Development of a Computer Simulation Model of Intravascular Laser-Tissue Thermal Interaction for Endovenous Laser Ablation

“…More recently, a radial fiber (ELVeS Radial TM fiber, CeramOptec, Germany) that emits light in the entire circumferential direction (i.e., 360°) was proposed. Because the surface of the venous wall is directly irradiated by laser light from the radial fiber, the power density is greatly reduced relative to the bare fiber, preventing excessive irradiation and perforation [2][3][4][5][6] . Indeed, in a comparative study using a 1,470-nm laser delivered by a bare or radial fiber, the incidences of postoperative pain and subcutaneous hemorrhage were much lower when using radial fibers 2) .…”

Endovenous ablation of refluxing saphenous and perforating veins

“…One study reported the results with a covered fi bre tip, which has a metal tube-case and a glass weld at the distal tip, showing slightly lower occlusion rates than a bare tip [15]. One of the most recent inventions is the tulip tip that is designed to prevent perforations by centring the laser fi bre within self-expandable blades [16,41] and the 2-ring-radial fi bre which proved to cause less pain during the fi rst two weeks after EVLA compared to the 980 nm-bare-fi bre combination [42].…”