Comparison of [111] and [001] B-site stacking order in PZN-type relaxor ferroelectrics

Orientation dependence of piezoelectric properties of single domain 0.67Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 crystals

“…It is shown that d 15 * along ͓001͔ direction decreases to 134 pC/N, much smaller than the values of d 15 for the single domain state, while it is close to the effective d15 eff in the multidomain state. The other interesting phenomenon is that 33 * along ͓001͔ direction is now larger than 11 * , which is similar to the relationship between the effective 33 eff and 11 eff in the multidomain state.…”

“…In ͓001͔ of the cubic coordinate, the rotated properties are d 33 * ϭ2316 pC/N and k 33 * ϭ0.93, respectively, comparable to the measured multidomain properties. The results revealed the origin of the superior electromechanical properties in ͓001͔ poled PMN-33%PT multidomain crystals as from the large d 15 ͑PZN-PT͒ and (1 Ϫx)Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -xPbTiO 3 ͑PMN-PT͒ ferroelectric single crystals has improved drastically since 1996, 1-4 and several complete data sets of PZN-PT and PMN-PT single crystals have been measured for different compositions. [5][6][7][8][9] As shown in the measured data sets, the effective electromechanical coupling coefficient k 33 eff could be as large as 0.94 for 0.67Pb(Mn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.33PbTiO 3 ͑PMN-33%PT͒ multidomain single crystal, and its piezoelectric coefficient d 33 eff could reach 2820 pC/N; while for 0.92Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.08PbTiO 3 ͑PZN-8%PT͒ crystals, the d 33 eff could even reach 2900 pC/N.…”

“…In order to understand the origin of these high electromechanical properties, intensive research has been conducted on these crystals. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] It is conceivable that the orientation dependence would play a key role in these multidomain systems, but one cannot evaluate it quantitatively because of the lack of a complete data set for the single domain state. Recently, we have successfully obtained such a complete data set for the PMN-33%PT by applying a bias field to maintain the unstable single domain configuration.…”

Single-domain properties of 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.33PbTiO3 single crystals under electric field bias

“…There have been some attempts on this issue, but they could not provide quantitative results due to the lack of single-domain, single-crystal data. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] At room temperature, PMN-33%PT system has rhombohedral ferroelectric phase with 3m symmetry. There are eight possible dipole orientations along the body diagonal directions, or along the ͗111͘ family in the cubic coordinate systems.…”

Complete set of elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric coefficents of 0.93Pb(Zn1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.07PbTiO3 single crystal poled along [011]

“…In fact, in recent years, trying to improve specific material properties using domain engineering methodology has become a new trend in functional materials research. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Different poling directions can produce different domain patterns that will define the macroscopic symmetry of the multidomain system. Experimental results showed that the ͓011͔ direction is another promising poling direction to engineer better multidomain piezoelectric materials, which can produce very large ͉d 32 ͉.…”