Comparison Between Types of Diurnal Variations as Determined by Global Assessment and Daily Recordings of Mood

Diurnal Variations of Mood and Sleep Disturbances during Phototherapy in Major Depressive Disorder

“…Self-rating scales [Depression Scale D-S and 1 Due to missing data, less than 42 patients are included in this analysis. These criteria are based on earlier evaluation studies of diurnal variations of mood [35,36].…”

The Role of Dreaming in Affect Regulation

“…Cartwright (2005) hypothesised that affective problems are not solved when dreams are overloaded with negative affect, or when they fail to successfully link to past memories, which according to this model is necessary for the reduction of disturbed mood. For example, individuals diagnosed with depression have a paucity of dream reports, suggesting that these individuals do not effectively activate past memories during dreaming and subsequently fail to integrate affect into their pre-existing long-term memory networks during sleep (Agargun & Cartwright, 2003) and they concurrently often feel worse in the mornings, suggesting that dreaming has not achieved affect regulation (Armitage et al, 1995;Cartwright, 1979;Cartwright et al, 1991;Gillin et al, 1979;Reynolds, 1987;Stieglitz et al, 1988).…”

Diurnal Mood Variation in Melancholic Patients and Healthy Controls

“…As such, they are still taken into account in currently valid classification systems [4.5], Recent investigations, however, show that the circa dian rhythm of depressive patients is irregular inter-and intraindividually [6][7][8]. If shorter (ultradian) variations are also taken into account, a large number of different daily courses can be detected in melancholic patients [9], Typical diurnal variations are not confined to melancholia but are also recorded in other forms of depressive disorders [10][11][12][13], Diurnal mood variations are obviously characteristic of affective disturbances in general, irrespective of their etiology; they also occur, for example, in depressive states of schizophrenia [12]. The typical diurnal variation can thus be seen neither as an obligatory nor as a stable symptom of melancholia and is invalid as a diagnostic criterion [14].…”