Comparison Between Tsunami Signals Generated by Different Source Models and the Observed Data of the Illapel 2015 Earthquake

Calisto, Ignacia; Miller, Matthew; Constanzo, Iván

doi:10.1007/s00024-016-1253-8

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Figure 6 shows the inundation area and tsunami inundation height results obtained from the numerical simulations of the Li et al (2016) model, with four different roughness coefficients. The tested coefficients are n = 0.025 for coastal and riverine areas, 0.04 and 0.05 for low-density urban areas, and 0.06 for medium-density urban areas (Bricker et al, 2015;Kotani et al, 1998). From the figure, it is possible to observe that the best fit is obtained for n = 0.025, which resulted in K = 1.05 and κ < 1.45, corresponding to good agreement.…”

Section: Tsunami Inundation Depthmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…2f shows the remaining foundation of a washed-away structure. Even though the damage to the structure could be due to both the earthquake and tsunami, it was observed that damage due to the earthquake was limited (Candia et al, 2017) and the structures most affected by the earthquake were made of adobe (Fernández et al, 2017). In addition, the authors had the opportunity to compare damage to inundated and non-inundated houses in Coquimbo in order to verify that the structural damage to inundated houses was due to the tsunami.…”

Section: Building Damage and Tsunami Inundation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The roughness coefficient was defined as n = 0.025 on the seabed, as recommended for tsunamis (Bricker et al, 2015;Kotani et al, 1998); however, we tested several roughness coefficient values in coastal, wetland and urban areas in order to obtain the best fit of tsunami inundation height. The validation of the numerical simulation was performed using the root mean square error and the parameters K and κ given by Eqs.…”

Section: Tsunami Inundation Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coquimbo. Since earthquake damage in the Coquimbo Region was limited in 2015 (Candia et al, 2017;Fernández et al, 2017), it is assumed that the damage to structures is due exclusively to the tsunami.…”

Section: Application Of Fragility Curve To Tsunami Damage Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the former takes into account many uncertainties related to generation, propagation and inundation Geist and Parsons, 2006;Heidarzadeh and Kijko, 2011;Horspool et al, 2014;Park and Cox, 2016), the latter uses credible worst-case scenarios based on historical events (Aránguiz et al, 2014;Mitsoudis et al, 2012;Wijetunge, 2012). However, the coupling coefficient could be used to assess the shape of possible future deterministic earthquakes (Métois et al, 2016;Pulido et al, 2015) since reasonable heterogeneous slip models could be predicted by the degree of interseismic locking (Calisto et al, 2016;Gonzalez-Carrasco et al, 2015). Thus, the slip distribution S at arbitrary space ξ is represented as given by Eq.…”

Section: Tsunami Source Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Aránguiz

Urra

Okuwaki

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The last earthquake that affected the city of Coquimbo took place in September 2015 and had a magnitude of M w = 8.3, resulting in localized damage in low-lying areas of the city. In addition, another seismic gap north of the 2015 earthquake rupture area has been identified; therefore, a significant earthquake (M w = 8.2 to 8.5) and tsunami could occur in the near future. The present paper develops a tsunami fragility curve for the city of Coquimbo based on field survey data and tsunami numerical simulations. The inundation depth of the 2015 Chile tsunami in Coquimbo was estimated by means of numerical simulation with the Non-hydrostatic Evolution of Ocean WAVEs (NEOWAVE) model and five nested grids with a maximum grid resolution of 10 m. The fragility curve exhibited behavior similar to that of other curves in flat areas in Japan, where little damage was observed at relatively high inundation depths. In addition, it was observed that Coquimbo experienced less damage than Dichato (Chile); in fact, at an inundation depth of 2 m, Dichato had a ∼ 75 % probability of damage, while Coquimbo proved to have only a 20 % probability. The new fragility curve was used to estimate the damage by possible future tsunamis in the area. The damage assessment showed that ∼ 50 % of the structures in the low-lying area of Coquimbo have a high probability of damage in the case of a tsunami generated off the coast of the study area if the city is rebuilt with the same types of structures.

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Section: Tsunami Inundation Depthmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Building Damage and Tsunami Inundation Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tsunami Inundation Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Application Of Fragility Curve To Tsunami Damage Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tsunami Source Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Aránguiz

Urra

Okuwaki

et al. 2018

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Reconstruction of coseismic slip from the 2015 Illapel earthquake using combined geodetic and tsunami waveform data

2017

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On 16 September 2015, a moment magnitude (Mw) 8.3 earthquake struck off the coast of central Chile, generating a large tsunami with nearby coastal wave heights observed on tide gauges in Chile and Peru of up to 4.7 m and distal observations of over 40 cm in the Kuril Islands across the Pacific Ocean. Through a transcoastal geodetic study, including tsunami time series recorded at open ocean pressure gauges, subaerial deformation observed through interferometric synthetic aperture radar from the Sentinel‐1 A satellite and continuous GPS, we identify the location and extent of coseismic slip. We find that most coseismic slip was concentrated in a patch immediately offshore, with little modeled slip near the trench. This result satisfies the tsunami waveforms measured in the deep ocean north of the rupture area, with wave heights up to 10 cm. While the event exhibits some features of a slow tsunami earthquake (moderately large tsunami and possible slow second‐stage rupture), our inversion results do not require substantial near‐trench rupture. However, the prevalence of large and shallow thrust along subduction megathrusts along central Chile raises the question of the likelihood of future such events and the implications for future hazardous tsunamigenic earthquakes.

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How Do Tides and Tsunamis Interact in a Highly Energetic Channel? The Case of Canal Chacao, Chile

et al. 2017

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This study aims at understanding the role of tidal level, speed, and direction in tsunami propagation in highly energetic tidal channels. The main goal is to comprehend whether tide‐tsunami interactions enhance/reduce elevation, currents speeds, and arrival times, when compared to pure tsunami models and to simulations in which tides and tsunamis are linearly superimposed. We designed various numerical experiments to compute the tsunami propagation along Canal Chacao, a highly energetic channel in the Chilean Patagonia lying on a subduction margin prone to megathrust earthquakes. Three modeling approaches were implemented under the same seismic scenario: a tsunami model with a constant tide level, a series of six composite models in which independent tide and tsunami simulations are linearly superimposed, and a series of six tide‐tsunami nonlinear interaction models (full models). We found that hydrodynamic patterns differ significantly among approaches, being the composite and full models sensitive to both the tidal phase at which the tsunami is triggered and the local depth of the channel. When compared to full models, composite models adequately predicted the maximum surface elevation, but largely overestimated currents. The amplitude and arrival time of the tsunami‐leading wave computed with the full model was found to be strongly dependent on the direction of the tidal current and less responsive to the tide level and the tidal current speed. These outcomes emphasize the importance of addressing more carefully the interactions of tides and tsunamis on hazard assessment studies.

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Comparison Between Tsunami Signals Generated by Different Source Models and the Observed Data of the Illapel 2015 Earthquake

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Development and application of a tsunami fragility curve of the 2015 tsunami in Coquimbo, Chile

Reconstruction of coseismic slip from the 2015 Illapel earthquake using combined geodetic and tsunami waveform data

How Do Tides and Tsunamis Interact in a Highly Energetic Channel? The Case of Canal Chacao, Chile

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