Comparison between the<sup>127</sup>I<sub>2</sub>Stabilized He-Ne Lasers at 633 nm and 612 nm of the BIPM and the IMGC

Bertinetto, F.; Cordiale, P.; Picotto, G. B.; Chartier, J. M.; Felder, R. J.; Gläser, Michael

doi:10.1109/tim.1983.4315012

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is through such factors and coefficients that good frequency reproducibility is likely to be achieved. This has been demonstrated in previous studies [7,[12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Frequency Reproducibilitysupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This is the fourth in a series of reports describing the results obtained during an extensive programme of laser As before, the aim was to verify that the more restrictive conditions on the operation of lasers described in the practical realization of the definition of the metre of 1992 had been met [5]. From 1976 to 1994, bilateral or triangular comparisons were also carried out between European national laboratories and the BIPM and the results reported [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

Darnedde¹,

Rowley²,

Bertinetto³

et al. 1999

Metrologia

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This paper reports the fourth set of results of a series of grouped laser comparisons from national laboratories undertaken by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) at the request of the Comité Consultatif pour la Définition du Mètre (CCDM; now the Consultative Committee for Length, CCL) during the period July 1993 to September 1995. The results of this comparison, involving eleven lasers from eight countries and the BIPM, again meet the goals set by the CCDM in 1992 and adopted by the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM) the same year. The standard uncertainty of the frequency of the He-Ne laser stabilized on the saturated absorption of 127 I 2 at λ 633 nm is reduced to a level of 12 kHz (2.5 parts in 10 11 ) when the lasers compared meet the recommended values of the parameters.The lasers were first compared with the BIPM4 laser with the parameters set to the values normally used in each laboratory; using the BIPM4 laser as a reference the results ranged from -15.4 kHz to 36.8 kHz. After checking and readjusting the values of all the parameters, the range was reduced to -8.6 kHz to 14.0 kHz. Under the latter conditions, the average frequency difference of the group of lasers, with respect to the BIPM4 laser, was 2.7 kHz with a standard uncertainty (1 ) of 8.1 kHz. The best relative frequency stabilities, with Allan standard deviations of about 5.5 parts in 10 12 and 4.6 parts in 10 13 , were observed with sampling times of 1 s and 100 s, respectively.

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“…It is through such factors and coefficients that good frequency reproducibility is likely to be achieved. This has been demonstrated in previous studies [7,[12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Frequency Reproducibilitysupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

Darnedde¹,

Rowley²,

Bertinetto³

et al. 1999

Metrologia

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“…For the CENAM1 laser the modulation width factor was determined during the comparison. As has been demonstrated in previous studies [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], it is through knowledge of such factors and coefficients that good frequency reproducibility is likely to be achieved. Tables 4 and 5 list the frequency differences between the lasers, the former containing the raw data and the latter the results obtained from the following procedure.…”

Section: Frequency Reproducibilitymentioning

confidence: 73%

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at 633 nm (July 2000). Part X: Comparison of INMETRO (Brazil), INTI (Argentina), NRC-INMS (Canada), CENAM (Mexico), and BIPM lasers at 633 nm

et al. 2002

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This paper reports the tenth set of results of a series of grouped laser comparisons from national laboratories undertaken by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) at the request of the Consultative Committee for Length (CCL), formerly the Consultative Committee for the Definition of the Metre (CCDM), for the periods July 1993 to September 1995 and March 1997 to March 2001. As with the previous nine comparisons, this one is expected to be listed as a key comparison in the context of the ongoing BIPM.L-K10 series.The results of this comparison, involving seven lasers from four countries in the Americas and the BIPM, meet the goals set by the CCDM in 1992 and in 1997 and adopted by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) the same year. The standard uncertainty (1 ) of the frequency of the He-Ne laser stabilized on the saturated absorption of 127 I 2 at λ 633 nm is reduced to a level of 12 kHz (2.5 parts in 10 11 ) when the lasers compared meet the recommended values of the parameters. The lasers were first compared with the BIPMP3 laser, with all the lasers set to the parameter values normally used in each laboratory; the results then ranged from -31.5 kHz to +10.0 kHz. After checking and correcting when possible the values of all the parameters, the range stayed about the same, -31.5 kHz to +9.1 kHz. Under the latter conditions, the average frequency difference of the group of seven lasers, with respect to the BIPM4 laser, was -4.4 kHz with a standard uncertainty (1 ) of 13.2 kHz. If the INMETRO2 laser, considered as a secondary laser, is removed from the group, then the average is -0.5 kHz with a standard deviation (1 ) of 9.2 kHz. The best relative frequency stabilities, with Allan standard deviations of about 9.3 10 -13 , 3.5 10 -13 and 1.4 10 -13 , were observed with sampling times of 10 s, 100 s and 1000 s, respectively. Results obtained with NRC and BIPM lasers over a period of five months in two beat-frequency laser comparisons and in an absolute frequency measurement lie within 1 kHz (2 parts in 10 12 ).

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“…−593.98 0.01 Frequency referenced to a 7 , R(47) 9-2, 127 I 2 : f = 489 880 354.9 MHz [2] Ref. [148,155,[157][158][159][160]. Ref.…”

Section: Appendix 2 Absolute Frequency Of the Other Transitions Relatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical realization of the definition of the metre, including recommended radiations of other optical frequency standards (2001)

2003

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Comparison between the¹²⁷I₂Stabilized He-Ne Lasers at 633 nm and 612 nm of the BIPM and the IMGC

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at 633 nm (July 2000). Part X: Comparison of INMETRO (Brazil), INTI (Argentina), NRC-INMS (Canada), CENAM (Mexico), and BIPM lasers at 633 nm

Practical realization of the definition of the metre, including recommended radiations of other optical frequency standards (2001)

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Comparison between the127I2Stabilized He-Ne Lasers at 633 nm and 612 nm of the BIPM and the IMGC

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with127I2at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with127I2at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with127I2at 633 nm (July 2000). Part X: Comparison of INMETRO (Brazil), INTI (Argentina), NRC-INMS (Canada), CENAM (Mexico), and BIPM lasers at 633 nm

Practical realization of the definition of the metre, including recommended radiations of other optical frequency standards (2001)

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Resources

About

Comparison between the¹²⁷I₂Stabilized He-Ne Lasers at 633 nm and 612 nm of the BIPM and the IMGC

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at = 633 nm (July 1993 to September 1995). Part IV: Comparison of Western European lasers at = 633 nm

International comparisons of He-Ne lasers stabilized with¹²⁷I₂at 633 nm (July 2000). Part X: Comparison of INMETRO (Brazil), INTI (Argentina), NRC-INMS (Canada), CENAM (Mexico), and BIPM lasers at 633 nm