Comparison Between the Framingham and Prospective Cardiovascular of Münster Scores for Risk Assessment of Coronary Heart Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients in Pernambuco, Brazil

Barros, Zoraya Medeiros; Ximenes, Ricardo Arraes de Alencar; Miranda-Filho, Demócrito Barros; Albuquerque, Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de; Melo, Heloísa Ramos Lacerda de; Carvalho, Érico Higino de; Gelenske, Thais; Diniz, George Tadeu Nunes; Bandeira, Francisco

doi:10.1089/met.2009.0100

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…(26) observed that increases in WC occur less frequently in people with HIV infection. Another limitation in comparing our data with those of other researchers was that CVR in other studies was often estimated according to the Framingham score (27,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV/AIDS in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Kroll

Sprinz

Leal

et al. 2012

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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Objective: The aim of this study was to discover the prevalence of overweight, obesity and cardiovascular risk in our HIV/AIDS outpatients according to sex, antiretroviral therapy and other variables. Subjects and methods: Patients underwent an anthropometric assessment. Body mass index and waist circumference were used to classify their nutritional status and their cardiovascular risk. Results: The majority of the 345 patients (58.8%) were males. Obesity was detected in 8.3% of them; 34.2% were overweight, and 5.2% malnourished. Near half of them (51.3%) had some cardiovascular risk, with increased risk in 24.6% of them, and substantially increased risk in 26.7% of them. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent. Women were more frequently obese (OR = 3.53; IC 95%, 1.47 < OR < 8.69), and their cardiovascular risk was often higher (OR = 6.97; IC 95%, 4.16 < OR < 11.76). The prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk did not change according to antiretroviral therapy or other variables. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(2):137-41 Keywords Overweight; obesity; body mass index; HIV; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a prevalência de sobrepeso, obesidade e risco cardiovascular em nossos pacientes ambulatoriais com HIV/AIDS de acordo com o sexo, tratamento antirretroviral e outras variáveis. Sujeitos e métodos: Os pacientes foram submetidos à avaliação antropométri-ca. O índice de massa corporal e a medida da circunferência da cintura foram utilizados para classificar o estado nutricional e o risco cardiovascular. Resultados: A maior parte dos 345 pacientes (58,8%) era do sexo masculino. A obesidade foi detectada em 8,3% deles; 34,2% tinham sobrepeso e 5,2%, desnutrição. Quase a metade (51,3%) apresentou algum risco cardiovascular, com risco elevado em 24,6% e muito elevado em 26,7%. Conclusões: O sobrepeso e a obesidade têm elevada prevalência. As mulheres são mais frequentemente obesas (OR = 3,53; IC 95%, 1,47 < OR < 8,69) e seu risco cardiovascular é frequentemente mais alto (OR = 6,97; IC 95%, 4,16 < OR < 11,76). A prevalência de obesidade e de risco cardiovascular não se alterou conforme o tratamento antirretroviral ou outras variáveis. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2012;56(2):137-41 Descritores

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV/AIDS in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Kroll

Sprinz

Leal

et al. 2012

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

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“…D'Agostino summarised the state of CVD risk prediction as applied to HIV populations in a review article 28. Studies in HIV populations have compared the degree of correlation of three traditional risk prediction algorithms, Framingham, Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and Prospective Cardiovascular Munster equations 29 30 31. The estimation of relative effects of traditional risk factors on CVD outcomes appears similar between HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals 32.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind the gap: difference between Framingham heart age and real age increases with age in HIV-positive individuals–a clinical cohort study

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesTo measure the excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in HIV-positive individuals by comparing ‘heart age’ with real age and to estimate associations of patients’ characteristics with heart age deviation (heart age–real age).DesignClinical Cohort Study.SettingBristol HIV clinic, Brecon Unit at Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.Participants749 HIV-positive adults who attended for care between 2008 and 2011. Median age was 42 years (IQR 35–49), 67% were male and 82% were treated with antiretroviral therapy.Main outcome measuresWe calculated the Framingham 10-year risk of CVD and traced back to ‘heart age’, the age of an individual with the same score but ideal risk factor values. We estimated the relationship between heart age deviation and real age using fractional polynomial regression. We estimated crude and mutually adjusted associations of sex, age, CD4 count, viral load/treatment status and period of starting antiretroviral therapy with heart age deviation.ResultsThe average heart age for a male aged 45 years was 48 years for a non-smoker and 60 years for a smoker. Heart age deviation increased with real age and at younger ages was smaller for females than males, although this reversed after 48 years. Compared to patients with CD4 count <500 cells/mm3, heart age deviation was 2.4 (95% CI 0.7 to 4.0) and 4.3 (2.3 to 6.3) years higher for those with CD4 500–749 cells/mm3 and ≥750 cells/mm3, respectively.ConclusionsIn HIV-positive individuals, the difference between heart age and real age increased with age and CD4 count and was very dependent on smoking status. Heart age could be a useful tool to communicate CVD risk to patients and the benefits of stopping smoking.

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“…Cardiovascular risk can be evaluated by means of equations that combine several risk factors to provide a quantitative estimate of the risk [10]. The Framingham risk equation has been widely used to estimate the risk of development coronary heart disease over a fixed period of time, usually 10 years, in the general population [11], but the information in the HIV-infected population need to be further addressed [12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of Coronary Heart Disease among HIV‐Infected Patients: A Multicenter Study in Brazil

Alencastro

Ikeda

Barcellos

et al. 2013

The Scientific World Journal

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Cardiovascular disease has emerged as a crescent problem among HIV-infected population. This study aimed to determine the 10-year risk of coronary heart disease using the Framingham risk score among HIV-infected patients from three regions of Brazil. This is a pooled analysis of three cohort studies, which enrolled 3,829 individuals, 59% were men, 66% had white skin color, and mean age 39.0 ± 9.9 years. Comparisons among regions showed that there were marked differences in demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and HIV-related characteristics. Prevalence of Framingham score ≥10 was 4.5% in the Southern, 4.2% in the Midwest, and 3.9% in the Northeast of Brazil. The Framingham score ≥10 was similar between regions for males, patients aged ≥60 years, with obesity, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Women were three times more likely to have coronary heart disease in 10 years than men. Hypertension and diabetes increased more than four times the risk of coronary heart disease, followed by central obesity, obesity, and prehypertension. The use of antiretroviral agents and time since HIV diagnosis were not risk factors for coronary artery disease in 10 years. In conclusion, hypertension and diabetes are the strongest independent predictors of 10-year risk of coronary heart disease among HIV-infected population.

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Comparison Between the Framingham and Prospective Cardiovascular of Münster Scores for Risk Assessment of Coronary Heart Disease in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Patients in Pernambuco, Brazil

Abstract: There was a good agreement between the Framingham and PROCAM scores in HIV-positive patients, but a higher proportion of moderate-high risk was identified by the Framingham score. This disagreement should be evaluated in cohort studies to observe clinical outcomes over the course of time.

Cited by 15 publications

References 41 publications

Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV/AIDS in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV/AIDS in Porto Alegre, Brazil

Mind the gap: difference between Framingham heart age and real age increases with age in HIV-positive individuals–a clinical cohort study

Risk of Coronary Heart Disease among HIV‐Infected Patients: A Multicenter Study in Brazil

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