Comparison between magnetic and non magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes-dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of sulfonamide antibiotics in water samples

Dispersive solid-phase extraction based on butylamide silica for the determination of sulfamethoxazole in milk samples by capillary electrophoresis

“…To evaluate the effect of some control parameters in the extraction of SMX by DSPE, the effect of pH value and sample volume was studied (Figure 4). The pH value plays an important role in the extraction and isolation of the SMX [17,18] because it has two ionizable groups (pKa values, 1.49, 5.48). [31] Extraction experiments were performed in a pH range from 1.0 to 10.0.…”

“…SPE is the sample preparation technique most usually used for the analysis of antibiotic residues in foods; it is based on the passage of the sample through a solid extractant contained in a cartridge where the analytes are retained and subsequently eluted with a suitable solvent. [15,16] Dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) [17,18] was described as an alternative to SPE. To improve retention of the analytes, the solid phase is added to the liquid sample to form dispersion.…”

“…Additionally, DSPE has the advantage of being a microscale extraction method, which makes it an attractive alternative to preconcentrate different analytes in complex matrices. [17][18][19] CONTACT José A. Rodríguez josear@uaeh.edu.mx Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca Tulancingo km 4.5, Pachuca, Hidalgo 42076, Mexico.…”

“…It has been described by its application during the analysis of mineral water and pork tissue samples where the extractant phase was composed of carbon nanotubes which contributes to adsorption of the antibiotic through π-π interactions. [17,18] Recently, to enhance the use of solid phases, it has been proposed separation methodologies using solid phases that contain functional groups which are different from those conventionally used. As a result, the analytes can be retained by mixed mode interactions as hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions.…”

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“…This family contains Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) which it is a new material has attracted special interest due to their high mechanical strength, young's modulus, thermal and electrical conductivity, and chemical stability [18]. Several researches work has been reported on the use of MWCNTs as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for the analysis of diverse types of pesticides [19][20][21][22].…”