Comparison between Kimura’s disease and angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia: case reports and literature review

Abstract

Kimura’s disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory or allergic disease. Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) is a benign vascular neoplasm. Their relationship has always been debated. This article reports two rare cases, one of each disease. One patient was a 48-year-old female that presented with a mass on her right mandible. She also had oedema erythema and wheals on her lower limbs. She was diagnosed with Kimura’s disease complicated with chronic urticaria. The second patient was a 23-year-old female that presented with multiple nodules of unequal size on the scalp. She was diagnosed with angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia. The first patient recovered after being treated with surgical resection, glucocorticosteroids, cyclophosphamide and radiotherapy. The second patient underwent the first stage of surgical excision and is currently being followed-up. Comparison of the clinical and histopathological features of these two cases supports the theory that KD and ALHE are two separate disease entities.

Enlarged postauricular nodules in a young South Asian man

“…The usual presentation involves progressively enlarging painless nodules accompanied by increased levels of eosinophils and IgE. KD classically involves the head and neck region, with typical features of peripheral eosinophilia and raised serum IgE 1 …”

“…Our patient's clinicopathological presentation supported the diagnosis of KD. Clinical features suggestive of KD include age of onset at 20–40 years, South Asian ethnicity, mass size of 10–200 mm, and raised levels of eosinophilis and serum IgE 1 . By contrast, EH is reported more commonly in women in the third to the fifth decade of life, with associated overlying erythema, normal serum IgE and occasional eosinophilia 1 …”

“…1 By contrast, EH is reported more commonly in women in the third to the fifth decade of life, with associated overlying erythema, normal serum IgE and occasional eosinophilia. 1 Diagnosis of KD should be made using clinical, histopathological and laboratory examination. There are no internationally recognized diagnostic criteria.…”

“…Clinical features suggestive of KD include age of onset at 20-40 years, South Asian ethnicity, mass size of 10-200 mm, and raised levels of eosinophilis and serum IgE. 1 By contrast, EH is reported more commonly in women in the third to the fifth decade of life, with associated overlying erythema, normal serum IgE and occasional eosinophilia. 1 Diagnosis of KD should be made using clinical, histopathological and laboratory examination.…”

Kimura disease, a rare cause of inguinal lymphadenopathy: A case report

“…Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) showed hyperintensity, and a contrast-enhanced scan showed obvious homogeneous enhancement, which was considered as an enlarged lymph node, but the benign and malignant lesions could not be determined. To further systematically evaluate the patient's whole-body condition, the patient underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT examination (as shown in Figure 2), of which results showed that there were multiple nodules with increased radioactivity uptake of different sizes in the left inguinal region, with maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) ranging from 4.5 to 5.3, and no obvious abnormal radioactive uptake foci were found in the rest of the body. The lesion was limited and surgical resection was feasible for this patient, so he underwent left groin mass excision under local anesthesia.…”