COMPARISON BETWEEN FOUR USUAL METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF Candida SPECIES

Souza, Margarida Neves; Ortiz, S.; Mello, Marcelo Martins; Oliveira, Flávio de Mattos; Severo, Luiz Carlos; Goebel, Cristine Souza

doi:10.1590/s0036-46652015000400002

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…However, as CHROMagar is designed only for the differentiation of three species )i.e., C. albicans [green], C. tropicali s [metallic blue with a pink halo], and C. krusei [pink with velvety appearance]), it fails to clearly identify other species [ 26 ]. Such misclassification of species was also reported in the studies carried out by Estrada et al and Souza et al [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

et al. 2017

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Background and Purpose:The epidemiological alteration in the distribution of Candida species, as well as the significantly increasing trend of either intrinsic or acquired resistance of some of these fungi highlights the need for a reliable method for the identification of the species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the methods facilitating the quick and precise identification of Candida species. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of CHROMagar, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and PCR-fragment size polymorphism (PCR-FSP) assays in the identification of Candida species to determine the benefits and limitations of these methods.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted on 107 Candida strains, including 20 standard strains and 87 clinical isolates. The identification of the isolates was accomplished by using CHROMagar as a conventional method. The PCR-RFLP assay was performed on the entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and the consequent enzymatic digestion was compared with PCR-FSP results in which ITS1 and ITS2 regions were separately PCR amplified. In both molecular assays, yeast identification was carried out through the specific electrophoretic profiles of the PCR products.Results:According to the results, the utilization of CHROMagar resulted in the identification of 29 (33.3%) Candida isolates, while the PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP facilitated the identification of 83 (95.4%) and 80 (91.9%) clinical isolates, respectively. The obtained concordances between CHROMagar and PCR-RFLP, between CHROMagar and PCR-FSP, as well as between PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP were 0.23, 0.20, and 0.77, respectively.Conclusion:The recognition of the benefits and limitations of PCR methods allows for the selection of the most efficient technique for a fast and correct differentiation. The PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP assays had satisfactory concordance. The PCR-FSP provides a rapid, technically simple, and cost-effective method for the identification of Candida species. Nevertheless, to accurately differentiate among the taxonomically related species, PCR-RFLP should be implemented.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

et al. 2017

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“…C. albicans was cultured for 4 days at 37 • C under aerobic conditions on Malt extract agar made with 4% malt extract (Sladovna Bruntal, Bruntal, Czech Republic) and 1.5% agar (Dr. Kulich Pharma, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic). Candida tropicalis was obtained from The National Institute of Public Health (NIPH, Prague, Czech Republic); it was isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage and determined by auxanogram [15].…”

Section: Preparation Of Lysatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiota Composition and Antimicrobial Antibody Response in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

et al. 2019

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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common disease of the oral mucosa, and it has been recently associated with bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. To study this link further, we investigated microbial shifts during RAS manifestation at an ulcer site, in its surroundings, and at an unaffected site, compared with healed mucosa in RAS patients and healthy controls. We sampled microbes from five distinct sites in the oral cavity. The one site with the most pronounced differences in microbial alpha and beta diversity between RAS patients and healthy controls was the lower labial mucosa. Detailed analysis of this particular oral site revealed strict association of the genus Selenomonas with healed mucosa of RAS patients, whereas the class Clostridia and genera Lachnoanaerobaculum, Cardiobacterium, Leptotrichia, and Fusobacterium were associated with the presence of an active ulcer. Furthermore, active ulcers were dominated by Malassezia, which were negatively correlated with Streptococcus and Haemophilus and positively correlated with Porphyromonas species. In addition, RAS patients showed increased serum levels of IgG against Mogibacterium timidum compared with healthy controls. Our study demonstrates that the composition of bacteria and fungi colonizing healthy oral mucosa is changed in active RAS ulcers, and that this alteration persists to some extent even after the ulcer is healed.

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“…The germ tube is a small and continuous non-septate elongation of the mother cell that initiates the C. albicansfilamentation. The germ tube's parallel walls do not have a constriction at their point of origin of blastoconidium.It is considered a transitional morphological switch between the yeast and germinating hyphae (32). Candidaalbicans and C. dubliniensisuse the switch as pathogenic properties to increase protein synthesisand ribonucleic acid (33).…”

Section: Germ Tube Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida Diagnostic Platforms: Essential in Early Management of Candida Infections

Hassan¹,

Aminu²,

Abbdullahi³

2021

FJS

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Invasive candidiasis (IC) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Candida species have significant roles in invasive candidiasis andthe emergence of clinical strains that are difficult to treat due tovirulent and resistant properties. Expansion of fungal pathogen diversity necessitates the development and adoption of new methods for prompt diagnosis and management. The review aimed to highlight the relevance of different Candida diagnostic methods for prompt management of Candida infections. The conventional gold standard diagnostic phenotypic-based (culture)method is time-consuming, associated withlow specificity and subjective interpretation.The specificity and sensitivity performances for candidaemia or deep-seated candidiasis of biochemical-based methods, including VITEK, API 20C AUX, and latex agglutination, have higher resolution than the culture. Nucleic acid-basedpolymerase chain reaction diagnostic techniques have been rapidly evolving. PCR will improve the diagnostic performance and patient outcome. The PCR technique uses different ribosomal DNA gene complexes, including D1/D2, ITS1/ITS4, or IGS1/IGS2, ashelpful markersto delineate the main pathogenic fungal species belonging to different genera. Sensitive and specific diagnostic methods for Candida speciesare significant for clinical decision and effective clinical outcome.

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COMPARISON BETWEEN FOUR USUAL METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF Candida SPECIES

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

A comparison between CHROMagar, PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP for identification of Candida species

Oral Microbiota Composition and Antimicrobial Antibody Response in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Candida Diagnostic Platforms: Essential in Early Management of Candida Infections

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