Comparison between conjugated linoleic acid and essential fatty acids in preventing oxidative stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Abstract

Some in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated protective effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. However, only a few and conflicting studies have been conducted showing the antioxidant potential of essential fatty acids. The objectives of the study were to compare the effects of CLA to other essential fatty acids on the thiol redox status of bovine mammary epithelia cells (BME-UV1) and their protective role against oxidative damage on the mammary gland by an in vitro study. The BME-UV1 cells were treated with complete medium containing 50 μM of cis-9,trans-11 CLA, trans-10,cis-12 CLA, α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid. To assess the cellular antioxidant response, glutathione, NADPH, and γ-glutamyl-cysteine ligase activity were measured 48 h after addition of fatty acids (FA). Intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde production were also assessed in cells supplemented with FA. Reactive oxygen species production after 3 h of HO exposure was assessed to evaluate and to compare the potential protection of different FA against HO-induced oxidative stress. All FA treatments induced an intracellular GSH increase, matched by high concentrations of NADPH and an increase of γ-glutamyl-cysteine ligase activity. Cells supplemented with FA showed a reduction in intracellular malondialdehyde levels. In particular, CLA isomers and linoleic acid supplementation showed a better antioxidant cellular response against oxidative damage induced by HO compared with other FA.

Inflammatory and metabolic responses to an intramammary lipopolysaccharide challenge in early lactating cows supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid

“…Recently, Basiricò et al. (, ) showed an improved antioxidative status in bovine mammary epithelial cells. During the intramammary LPS challenge, plasma concentration of glucose increased in both treatment groups in agreement with earlier studies (Vernay et al., ; Waldron et al., ; Zarrin et al., ).…”

“…Not much research was carried out regarding CLA effects on the immune system of transition dairy cows. Supplementation of bovine mammary epithelial cells with CLA improved their oxidative status (Basiricò, Morera, Dipasquale, Tröscher, & Bernabucci, ; Basiricò et al., ). Dänicke et al.…”

Zinc supplementation of Friesian cows: Effect on chemical-nutritional composition and aromatic profile of dairy products

“…The latter compound has 2 origin pathways; the first is the partial rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid, which is responsible for the production of a small proportion of CLA secreted in milk (Chilliard and Ferlay, 2004), and the second is its endogenous synthesis in the mammary gland starting from vaccenic acid , which is responsible for about 60% of rumenic acid secretion in cow milk (Mosley et al, 2006). Conjugated linoleic acid is reported to perform an important antioxidant activity that protects bovine mammary epithelial cells from lipoperoxidation and mitigates the level of the reactive oxygen species, leading to an improvement of the mammary gland functionality (Basiricò et al, 2015(Basiricò et al, , 2017. Ruminant products also represent the primary dietary source of CLA for humans.…”

Influence of Zinc Feeding on Nutritional Quality, Oxidative Stability and Volatile Profile of Fresh and Ripened Ewes’ Milk Cheese

“…RA has been indicated as a factor with a strong antioxidant function which is able to improve the mammary gland functionality by protecting the mammary epithelial cells from lipoperoxidation through the reduction of the reactive oxygen species [31]. For humans, the ruminant products represent the primary dietary source of CLA, which are credited of several health benefits; the most relevant examples concern the modulation of the immune system response [32], and their potential activity in slowing down the progression of different pathological conditions, as in the case of atherosclerosis [33].…”