“…Different literatures said that educated families are better informed about optimal child care practices, have better practices in terms of feeding and childcare during illness, have a greater ability to use the health system, more empowered to make decisions (Mukabutera et al, 2016;Li et al, 2019;Song et al, 2021).…”
Purpose
This study aims to examine the differences within individuals and clusters in nutritional status and identify socioeconomic factors in the nutritional status of under-five children in Ethiopia.
Design/methodology/approach
A weighted sub-sample of 5,270 under-five children was drawn from the under-five children data set of the Ethiopian 2019 Mini Demographic and Health Survey. Multilevel modeling was used to look at the association between the nutritional status of children with predictors.
Findings
The proportion of stunting, underweight and wasting among under-five children were 39.3%, 28.6% and 16.3%, respectively. The observed Global Moran Index’s value for child malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) prevalence in Ethiopia were I = 0.204 for stunting, I = 0.152 for wasting and I = 0.195 for underweight at p = 0.000 was statistically significant indicating that spatial variability of malnutrition of under-five children across survey clusters and regions was observed. Moreover, the result of heterogeneity between clusters obtained for stunting, underweight and wasting was significant providing evidence of variation among regional clusters concerning the status of nutrition of under-five children. Child’s age in months, breastfeeding, family educational level, wealth index, place of residence, media access and region were highly significantly associated with childhood malnutrition. The inclusion of the explanatory variables has shown a significant impact on the variation in malnutrition among regions.
Practical implications
Enhance education, expanding the activities regarding nutritional and health services using media, health extension workers, and health institutions.
Originality/value
The study provides the malnutrition situation status of Ethiopian country when the survey carried out.
“…Different literatures said that educated families are better informed about optimal child care practices, have better practices in terms of feeding and childcare during illness, have a greater ability to use the health system, more empowered to make decisions (Mukabutera et al, 2016;Li et al, 2019;Song et al, 2021).…”
Purpose
This study aims to examine the differences within individuals and clusters in nutritional status and identify socioeconomic factors in the nutritional status of under-five children in Ethiopia.
Design/methodology/approach
A weighted sub-sample of 5,270 under-five children was drawn from the under-five children data set of the Ethiopian 2019 Mini Demographic and Health Survey. Multilevel modeling was used to look at the association between the nutritional status of children with predictors.
Findings
The proportion of stunting, underweight and wasting among under-five children were 39.3%, 28.6% and 16.3%, respectively. The observed Global Moran Index’s value for child malnutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) prevalence in Ethiopia were I = 0.204 for stunting, I = 0.152 for wasting and I = 0.195 for underweight at p = 0.000 was statistically significant indicating that spatial variability of malnutrition of under-five children across survey clusters and regions was observed. Moreover, the result of heterogeneity between clusters obtained for stunting, underweight and wasting was significant providing evidence of variation among regional clusters concerning the status of nutrition of under-five children. Child’s age in months, breastfeeding, family educational level, wealth index, place of residence, media access and region were highly significantly associated with childhood malnutrition. The inclusion of the explanatory variables has shown a significant impact on the variation in malnutrition among regions.
Practical implications
Enhance education, expanding the activities regarding nutritional and health services using media, health extension workers, and health institutions.
Originality/value
The study provides the malnutrition situation status of Ethiopian country when the survey carried out.
“…Compared with non-addicted urban left-behind children, internet-addicted urban left-behind children have more access to the internet to combat the loneliness of not having parents around (Song et al, 2021), so they are more likely to get social support on the internet, and their trust and dependence on internet communication are higher than those of non-addicted urban left-behind children.…”
Section: Analysis Of the Status Of Each Variablementioning
This study intends to explore the status quo and relationship between online social support and online interpersonal trust of urban left-behind children with internet addiction. First, 217 urban left-behind children with internet addiction were selected from 3264 urban left-behind Chinese children using the Adolescent Pathological Internet Use Scale (APIUS), and then the Adolescent Online Social Support Questionnaire and the Adolescent Online Interpersonal Trust Questionnaire were used to collect data respectively. The results show that: 1) Compared with normal urban left-behind children, urban left-behind children with internet addiction have higher online social support and online interpersonal trust. 2) Among the urban left-behind children with internet addiction, the emotional support, instrumental support and emotional trust factors of girls are higher than those of boys. The total score and instrumental trust factor of online interpersonal trust of middle school girls and primary school boys are higher than those of middle school boys. 3) The regression effect of online social support on online interpersonal trust is significant, and the former can positively predict and affect the latter.
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