Comparing the role of selective and divided attention in the composite face effect: Insights from Attention Operating Characteristic (AOC) plots and cross-contingency correlations

Fitousi, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2015.12.012

Cited by 23 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Specifically, he was able to demonstrate the existence of composite face effect, but failed to obtain Garner interference and super-capacity with the same composite faces. These results are consistent with analytic processing (Fitousi, 2015, 2016). Therefore, further studies are required to help the controversial issue.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Their findings appear to implicate that holistic processing and part-based processing did not operate independently. On the other hand, Fitousi (2015, 2016) employed the system factorial technology (SFT) as a means for mathematical modeling of the nature of face processing, and argued that face recognition is achieved analytically rather than holistically. Specifically, he was able to demonstrate the existence of composite face effect, but failed to obtain Garner interference and super-capacity with the same composite faces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Time Course of Part-Based and Holistic Processing in Face Perception

Wang

2019

Front. Psychol.

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Human has an exceptional ability for face recognition to keep up social network. However, it is unclear to understand the mechanisms of face recognition until now. Specifically, there is less research to examine the time course of part-based and holistic processing when these two routes trigger and finish. In the present experiments, the exposure time was manipulated to examine the time course of face processing and found evidence suggesting that holistic processing occurs shortly after part-based processing at about 200 ms, and can last for a relatively long duration up to 2,000 ms. These results may support to a dual-route model comprising holistic processing and part-based processing in face perception. Moreover, our findings were inconsistent with the previous study which suggests that no holistic processing was observed at the relatively long duration, and suspected that perceptual discriminability may have been responsible for the discrepancy.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Time Course of Part-Based and Holistic Processing in Face Perception

Wang

2019

Front. Psychol.

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“…This could be a potential reason for the failure to find a strong direct link between holistic processing and ToM. Moreover, holistic face processing is not only a highly experience-dependent ability ( Gauthier and Bukach, 2007 ), but also a perceptual strategy, that can be adopted or not, depending on the requirements of the task ( Fitousi, 2016 ). Face recognition ability, on the other hand, is a basic ability ( Wilmer et al, 2010 ), which cannot be applied or not, contingently with the situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Two-Systems Account of Theory of Mind: Testing the Links to Social- Perceptual and Cognitive Abilities

Meinhardt‐Injac

Daum

Meinhardt

et al. 2018

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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According to the two-systems account of theory of mind (ToM), understanding mental states of others involves both fast social-perceptual processes, as well as slower, reflexive cognitive operations (Frith and Frith, 2008; Apperly and Butterfill, 2009). To test the respective roles of specific abilities in either of these processes we administered 15 experimental procedures to a large sample of 343 participants, testing ability in face recognition and holistic perception, language, and reasoning. ToM was measured by a set of tasks requiring ability to track and to infer complex emotional and mental states of others from faces, eyes, spoken language, and prosody. We used structural equation modeling to test the relative strengths of a social-perceptual (face processing related) and reflexive-cognitive (language and reasoning related) path in predicting ToM ability. The two paths accounted for 58% of ToM variance, thus validating a general two-systems framework. Testing specific predictor paths revealed language and face recognition as strong and significant predictors of ToM. For reasoning, there were neither direct nor mediated effects, albeit reasoning was strongly associated with language. Holistic face perception also failed to show a direct link with ToM ability, while there was a mediated effect via face recognition. These results highlight the respective roles of face recognition and language for the social brain, and contribute closer empirical specification of the general two-systems account.

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“…Miller and Bonnell (1994) instructed participants to pay a certain amount of attention to a line-length discrimination task on the left side of the screen and the remaining attention to the right side and revealed that sensitivity increased with the proportion of attention devoted to that side. Fitousi (2016) instructed participants to allocate differential amounts of their attention to the top and bottom halves of a face. Such instructions were effective in modifying the amount of attention allocated to either half of the face, with participants’ performance improving as a function of attention allocation (Fitousi, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fitousi (2016) instructed participants to allocate differential amounts of their attention to the top and bottom halves of a face. Such instructions were effective in modifying the amount of attention allocated to either half of the face, with participants’ performance improving as a function of attention allocation (Fitousi, 2016). Atkinson, Berry, Waterman, Baddeley, Hitch, and Allen (2018) used probe frequencies (i.e., how frequently a more valuable item was tested) to examine whether memory for an item was enhanced if participants were told it would be tested more frequently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goal-directed unequal attention allocation during multiple object tracking

Crowe

Howard

Attwood

et al. 2019

Atten Percept Psychophys

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In standard multiple object tracking (MOT) tasks the relative importance of the targets being tracked is equal. This is atypical of everyday situations in which an individual may need to prioritize one target relative to another and so allocate attention unequally. We report three experiments that examined whether participants could unequally split attention using a modified MOT task in which target priority was manipulated. Specifically, we examined the effect of priority on participants’ magnitude of error and used a distribution mixture analysis to investigate how priority affected both participants’ probability of losing an item and tracking precision. Experiment 1 (trajectory tracking) revealed a higher magnitude of error and higher proportion of guessing for low- compared with high-priority targets. Experiments 2 (trajectory tracking) and 3 (position tracking) examined how fine-grained this ability is by manipulating target priority at finer increments. In line with Experiment 1 , results from both these experiments indicated that participants could split attention unequally. There was some evidence that participants could allocate attention unequally at fine increments, but this was less conclusive. Taken together, these experiments demonstrate participants’ ability to distribute attention unequally across multiple moving objects but suggest some limitation with the flexibility of attention allocation.

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Comparing the role of selective and divided attention in the composite face effect: Insights from Attention Operating Characteristic (AOC) plots and cross-contingency correlations

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Investigating the Time Course of Part-Based and Holistic Processing in Face Perception

Investigating the Time Course of Part-Based and Holistic Processing in Face Perception

The Two-Systems Account of Theory of Mind: Testing the Links to Social- Perceptual and Cognitive Abilities

Goal-directed unequal attention allocation during multiple object tracking

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