Comparing the phenotypic, genotypic, and proteomic identification of Trichosporon species: A globally emerging yeast of medical importance

Abstract

Trichosporon spp. are widely distributed in the nature, comprising species that inhabit different ecological niches and can be found in the water, soil and body surface of animals and humans. Such microorganisms have been classically associated with superficial infections; however, in the last decades, they have also been related to disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients, behaving as opportunistic agents, which demands rapid and accurate species identification for efficient therapy. Concordance level between the traditional phenotypic method and the molecular technique (gold standard) in the identification of all 59 Trichosporon samples was 59.3%. Identification concordance between MALDI-TOF spectrometry and the molecular technique was 71.2%. No isolate of environmental origin was identifiable by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS), and 100% of such environmental isolates were discordant for IGS region sequencing and phenotypic characterization. Both comparisons evidenced greatest concordance in the identification of T. asahii. The species T. debeurmannianum, T. dermatis, T. venhuisii and T. insectorum were not properly identified by both MALDI-TOF MS and the phenotypic technique. MALDI-TOF MS, in particular, seems to be appropriate to investigate yeasts of the genus Trichosporon; however, database updates are still necessary, especially for species that are not common in the clinical routine. With the aim of helping understand the aspects involved in early and accurate diagnosis of infections caused by this opportunistic agent, the present study compared the phenotypic, molecular (IGS region) and mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) identification of 59 yeasts of the genus Trichosporon which had clinical and environmental origin and were kept in a Mycology collection. Lay Abstract The present study compared the phenotypic, genotypic and mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) identification of 59 yeasts of the genus Trichosporon. MALDI-TOF MS, in particular, seems to be appropriate to investigate this yeasts when compared to a molecular technique (gold standard).

Pericardial Effusion Due to Trichosporon japonicum: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…The IGS region is more discriminating and has confirmed the species ( Table S1 ). Our results confirm previous reports that the rRNA IGS1 region nucleotide sequence is the most discriminating and relevant for the precise species identification within the Trichosporon genus [ 1 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

“…Prompt diagnosis and timely management of trichosporonosis are essential. The gold standard diagnosis is the culture with growth between 48 and 72 h on Sabouraud medium [ 11 ] and their ability to grow on non-specific media. In the present case, the repetitive blood cultures remained negative, but the samples grew rapidly (within 72 h).…”

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry in veterinary medicine: Recent advances (2019–present)

“…While MALDI-TOF measurements are most frequently associated with the identification of isolated bacteria after culture, investigators continue to push the limits of the technique and explore applications in additional diagnostic realms. Table-2 summarizes many of these emerging applications of MALDI-TOF [123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135][136]. Fungal diseases of the dermis represent a common class of clinical presentations.…”

“…MALDI classified the correct genus approx. 75% of samples [124] M. canis, Trichophyton spp., various Prevalence and speciation from stray animals in Puerto Rico [125] T. erinacei and Arthroderma spp.…”

Identificação fenotípica e proteômica da micobiota oral de cães sensibilidade a antifúngicos e virulência

“…A micobiota oral dos animais de companhia, especialmente de cães, é tema relativamente pouco estudado e que tem ganhado espaço em discussões e pesquisas nos anos recentes (Navarro et al, 2020). Tal fato pode ser explicado pela maior proximidade entre estes animais e pessoas, elevando os cães ao "status" de um ente familiar, sugerindo-lhes os cuidados antes restritos apenas aos seres humanos (Paula et al, 2021).…”