Comparing the efficacy of apple peels and a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (ipragliflozin) on interstitial glucose levels: A pilot case study

Okada, Junichi; Yamada, Eijiro; Okada, Ken-ichi; Okada, Shuichi; Yamada, Masanobu

doi:10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100597

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 11 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…White mulberry leaf and green apple peel are two natural ingredients, that have shown to reduce postprandial blood glucose levels by regulating the digestion of the carbohydrates and by modulating the uptake of glucose at the brush border of the intestine. The individual capabilities were demonstrated in various randomised clinical studies [11][12][13][14]16,18,19,[21][22][23][24][25][26] . In this randomised, placebocontrolled, crossover study, carried out in healthy normoglycaemic individuals, we have demonstrated the efficacy of a combined extract of white mulberry leaf and green apple peel (Glubloc™) on postprandial glucose and insulin levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Nutritional Supplement Reduces Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Individuals in a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Clinical Study

Guntupalli,

Karpuram,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Sugar laden foods and carbohydrate rich diets with high glycaemic index intake are associated with weight gain, increased incidence of diabetes and is linked with increased cardiovascular risk. A blend of mulberry leaf extract and apple peel extract (Glubloc™) may reduce postprandial blood glucose surge and insulin response following dietary carbohydrate intake by limiting its digestion and uptake from the gut. Methods: In this randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study, thirty healthy male and female subjects were supplemented with either placebo or Glubloc™, 10 min before a carbohydrate and sugar rich meal intake. Changes in postprandial blood glucose (upto120 minutes) and insulin levels (at 60 minutes) were measured as the primary endpoints. Changes in blood glucose incremental area under the concentration curve (iAUC), maximum concentration (Cmax) and peak time (Tmax) were compared. Results: Thirty adults (mean age 31±7.2 years, BMI 24±3.8 kg/m2) completed the study and the Glubloc™ blend relative to placebo significantly reduced glucose iAUC at 0.5 h (− 38%, p < 0.0003), 1.0 h (− 30%, p = 0.0007), 1.5 h (− 29%, p = 0.0008), and 2.0 h (− 26%, p = 0.002). A statistically significant reduction in 1 h insulin levels (− 35%, p = 0.029) was observed. Conclusion: A single dose supplementation of Glubloc™ significantly reduced the postprandial blood glucose spike and serum insulin levels. The observation of a significant glucose reduction paralleled with a significant lower insulin response supports a reduced gastrointestinal glucose absorption. None of the subjects experienced any major gastrointestinal side effects. This study builds a body of evidence that the combination of white mulberry leaf and green apple peel extracts (Glubloc™) can be a useful supplement to manage postprandial glucose levels, further studies are necessary to evaluate its potential in type 2 diabetes and the regulation of dysglycaemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Nutritional Supplement Reduces Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Individuals in a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Clinical Study

Guntupalli,

Karpuram,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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A novel nutritional supplement reduces postprandial glucose response in healthy individuals in a randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical study

Guntupalli,

Karpuram,

et al. 2024

Nutrire

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Background: Sugar laden foods and carbohydrate rich diets with high glycaemic index intake are associated with weight gain, increased incidence of diabetes and is linked with increased cardiovascular risk. A blend of mulberry leaf extract and apple peel extract (Glubloc™) may reduce postprandial blood glucose surge and insulin response following dietary carbohydrate intake by limiting its digestion and uptake from the gut. Methods: In this randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover study, thirty healthy male and female subjects were supplemented with either placebo or Glubloc™, 10 min before a carbohydrate and sugar rich meal intake. Changes in postprandial blood glucose (upto120 minutes) and insulin levels (at 60 minutes) were measured as the primary endpoints. Changes in blood glucose incremental area under the concentration curve (iAUC), maximum concentration (Cmax) and peak time (Tmax) were compared. Results: Thirty adults (mean age 31±7.2 years, BMI 24±3.8 kg/m 2 ) completed the study and the Glubloc™ blend relative to placebo significantly reduced glucose iAUC at 0.5 h (− 38%, p < 0.0003), 1.0 h (− 30%, p = 0.0007), 1.5 h (− 29%, p = 0.0008), and 2.0 h (− 26%, p = 0.002). A statistically significant reduction in 1 h insulin levels (− 35%, p = 0.029) was observed. Conclusion: A single dose supplementation of Glubloc™ significantly reduced the postprandial blood glucose spike and serum insulin levels. The observation of a significant glucose reduction paralleled with a significant lower insulin response supports a reduced gastrointestinal glucose absorption. None of the subjects experienced any major gastrointestinal side effects. This study builds a body of evidence that the combination of white mulberry leaf and green apple peel extracts (Glubloc™) can be a useful supplement to manage postprandial glucose levels, further studies are necessary to evaluate its potential in type 2 diabetes and the regulation of dysglycaemia.

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A Novel Nutraceutical Supplement Lowers Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels upon a Carbohydrate-Rich Meal or Sucrose Drink Intake in Healthy Individuals—A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Feeding Study

Venugopal,

Dash,

Agrawal

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background: Alkaloid- and polyphenol-rich white mulberry leaf and apple peel extracts have been shown to have potential glucose-lowering effects, benefitting the control of postprandial blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of Malus domestica peel and Morus alba leaf extracts (GLUBLOCTM) on postprandial blood glucose and insulin-lowering effects in healthy adults after a carbohydrate-rich meal or sucrose drink intake. Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, crossover, single-blinded clinical trial. Out of 116 healthy participants, 85 subjects (aged 18–60 years) completed the day 1 and 5 crossover study. On day 1, subjects were supplemented with a placebo or GLUBLOCTM tablet 10 min before the carbohydrate-rich meal (300 g of tomato rice) or sucrose drink intake (75 g of sucrose dissolved in 300 mL water). On day 5, the treatments were crossed over, and the same diet was followed. Postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels were measured on days 1 and 5 (baseline 0, post-meal 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Differences in iAUC, Cmax, and Tmax were determined between the placebo and GLUBLOCTM-treated cohorts. Results: Significant changes in total iAUC (0–120 min), Cmax, and Tmax of postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels were noticed upon GLUBLOCTM supplementation. The percentage reduction in the iAUC of blood glucose levels was 49.78% (iAUC0–60min) and 43.36% (iAUC0–120min), respectively, compared with the placebo in the sucrose drink intake study. Similarly, there was a 41.13% (iAUC0–60min) and 20.26% (iAUC0–120min) glucose-lowering effect compared with the placebo in the carbohydrate-rich meal intake study. Conclusions: Premeal supplementation with GLUBLOCTM significantly reduced the postprandial surge in blood glucose and insulin levels after a carbohydrate-rich meal or sucrose drink intake over 120 min in healthy individuals. This study proves that GLUBLOCTM can manage steady postprandial blood glucose levels.

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Comparing the efficacy of apple peels and a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (ipragliflozin) on interstitial glucose levels: A pilot case study

Abstract: Highlights Eating unpeeled apples may be beneficial for plasma glucose management. Ipragliflozin is a superior option because the apple peel's function did not last as long as Ipragliflozin.

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

A Novel Nutritional Supplement Reduces Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Individuals in a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Clinical Study

A Novel Nutritional Supplement Reduces Postprandial Glucose Response in Healthy Individuals in a Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Clinical Study

A novel nutritional supplement reduces postprandial glucose response in healthy individuals in a randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical study

A Novel Nutraceutical Supplement Lowers Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Levels upon a Carbohydrate-Rich Meal or Sucrose Drink Intake in Healthy Individuals—A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Feeding Study

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