Comparing Survey and Sampling Methods for Reaching Sexual Minority Individuals in Flanders

Dewaele, Alexis; Caen, Maya; Buysse, Ann

doi:10.2478/jos-2014-0016

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…Together with the costs and efforts that are typically associated with population-based representative surveys, especially in small communities like Flanders, this requirement makes it very hard to acquire adequate data (Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014). Therefore, we believe that this study adds valuable information on the prevalence of gender ambivalence and gender incongruence in sexual minority individuals, despite the methodological shortcomings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…With the information from these four items, a dichotomous variable was created, categorizing participants as non-heterosexual (i.e., "0") or heterosexual (i.e., "1"). They were identified as non-heterosexual when they reported to identify as gay/lesbian, bisexual or more gay/lesbian than straight and/or when they reported to have at least as many same-sex sexual fantasies as opposite sex fantasies, and/or when they reported to feel at least as often attracted to the same-sex as to the opposite sex, and/or to have had at least as many same-sex sexual contacts as with the opposite sex (Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014). This classification resulted in a total of 2,472 non-heterosexual persons to be included in our analyses; persons defined as heterosexual were excluded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy included broadcasting a request for participants through the following channels: specific locations such as LGB discotheques, LGB parties, and LGB events; advertisements in the written press; LGB-specific and non-LGB-specific associations and organizations; electronic mailings and the Internet (banners on LGB-specific websites). More details on the recruitment have been described elsewhere (Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014).…”

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The items on sociodemographic variables are described elsewhere (Buysse et al, 2013;Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Gender Nonconformity in Flanders, Belgium

et al. 2015

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Gender nonconformity refers to the extent to which a person's gender identity, gender role and/or gender expression differs from the cultural norms prescribed for people of a particular sex, within a certain society and era. Most data on gender nonconformity focus on the prevalence of gender dysphoria (which also includes a distress factor) or on the number of legal sex changes. However, not every gender nonconforming individual experiences distress or applies for treatment. Population-based research on the broad spectrum of gender nonconformity is scarce and more information on the variance outside the gender binary is needed. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of gender incongruence (identifying stronger with the other sex than with the sex assigned at birth) and gender ambivalence (identifying equally with the other sex as with the sex assigned at birth) based on two population-based surveys, one of 1,832 Flemish persons and one of 2,472 sexual minority individuals in Flanders. In the general population, gender ambivalence was present in 2.2% of male and 1.9% of female participants, whereas gender incongruence was found in 0.7% of men and 0.6% of women. In sexual minority individuals, the prevalence of gender ambivalence and gender incongruence was 1.8% and 0.9% in men and 4.1% and 2.1% in women, respectively. With a current Flemish population of about 6 million, our results indicate a total of between 17,150 and 17,665 gender incongruent men and between 14,473 and 15,221 gender incongruent women in Flanders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The items on sociodemographic variables are described elsewhere (Buysse et al, 2013;Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Gender Nonconformity in Flanders, Belgium

et al. 2015

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“…A majority of studies with sexual minorities rely on non-probability samples obtained through LGBT venues, media, or social and community networks (Meyer & Wilson, 2009). Non-probability samples of sexual minorities likely disproportionately represent individuals who are visible and connected to sexual minority communities; consequently, individuals sampled through non-probability methods may have different characteristics and may experience different stressors and resiliency factors than sexual minorities who are recruited through probability sampling (Dewaele, Caen, & Buysse, 2014; Drabble et al, 2018; Hottes, Bogaert, Rhodes, Brennan, & Gesink, 2016) Although stigma and fear of discrimination may impact participation and disclosure of minority sexual identity in probability samples (Robertson, Tran, Lewark, & Epstein, 2018), population-based studies remain important for obtaining minimally biased samples of SMW. Because research on strengths and coping strategies of SMW have relied primarily on non-probability samples, the experiences, perspectives, and strengths of SMW who may not be actively involved in LGBT communities or social networks are not well explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengths and coping strategies in the life narratives of sexual minority women

Drabble

Trocki

Salcedo

et al. 2018

Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services

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This study explored self-described strengths and strategies for coping with stress among sexual minority women (SMW), drawing on qualitative narratives of sexual minority and heterosexual women who were recruited from a population based sample. In-depth follow-up qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with 48 women who had participated the National Alcohol Survey, a U.S. population-based survey. Participants included 25 SMW and 16 matched exclusively heterosexual women. Narrative data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and constant comparison to explore the study aim, with an emphasis on themes that diverged or that were particularly salient for SMW relative to heterosexual women. Strengths and coping strategies that were especially meaningful in the narratives of sexual minority women emerged in two areas. First, participants described development of intrapersonal strengths through nurturing an authentic sense of self and embracing multifaceted identity. Second, participant described multiple strategies for cultivation of interpersonal resources: navigating distance and closeness with family of origin, cultivating supportive friends and chosen family, connecting to community, finding solace and joy with animals, and engaging in collective action. Findings underscore the importance of considering protective factors that are salient to SMW in developing or refining prevention and intervention efforts.

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Partnership Dynamics of LGB People and Heterosexuals: Patterns of First Partnership Formation and First Cohabitation

Bohr,

Lengerer

2024

Eur J Population

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In this study we examine partnership dynamics among people with different sexual orientations in Germany. More specifically, we explore the process of first partnership formation and first cohabitation among men and women who self-identify as heterosexual, homosexual or bisexual. Given the various discriminations against same-sex lifestyles, and the limited opportunities to meet potential partners, we assume that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people form partnerships later in life and less frequently than heterosexuals. We further expect that the constantly improving social and legal climate for sexual minorities will lead to a reduction in differences in partnership behaviour by sexual orientation. We use retrospectively reported partnership biographies from the German Socio-Economic Panel, which was supplemented in 2019 with a boost sample of sexual and gender minority households. Using discrete-time event history models, we analyse nearly 15,000 episodes of being single and nearly 20,000 episodes of living without a partner in the household. Around 4.5% of these episodes are from people who self-identify as LGB. The results clearly show that patterns of partnership and coresidential union formation differ by sexual orientation. People with a homosexual orientation—and to a lesser extent people with a bisexual orientation—are less likely to enter into a first partnership and a first cohabitation than people with a heterosexual orientation. Significant changes occur across cohorts: LGB people from younger birth cohorts enter (cohabiting) partnerships much earlier and more frequently than those from older cohorts. Thus, the union formation patterns of LGB and straight people have converged slightly.

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Comparing Survey and Sampling Methods for Reaching Sexual Minority Individuals in Flanders

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

Prevalence of Gender Nonconformity in Flanders, Belgium

Prevalence of Gender Nonconformity in Flanders, Belgium

Strengths and coping strategies in the life narratives of sexual minority women

Partnership Dynamics of LGB People and Heterosexuals: Patterns of First Partnership Formation and First Cohabitation

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