Comparing subgroups of suicidal homeless adolescents: Multiple attempters, single attempters and ideators

Yoder, Kevin A.; Whitbeck, Leslie B; Hoyt, Dan R.

doi:10.1080/17450121003615385

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Overall, the current study provides evidence for the interpersonal-psychological theory and a diathesis-stress approach in conceptualizing suicidal ideation, as well as improving the evidence-based practices with this vulnerable population. Given the significant risk of suicidality among homeless youth (Yoder et al, 2010), it is crucial to recognize the twosidedness of their family relationships as influencing their suicidality. Therapists working with homeless youth should consider incorporating components of skills training specifically focused on improving relationship satisfaction with family members, and gaining support through the family network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High rates of suicidal behaviors are reported among homeless youth, with research showing that up to 68% of homeless youth report a lifetime suicide attempt (Rotheram-Borus & Milburn, 2004;Yoder, Whitbeck, & Hoyt, 2010). To improve suicide prevention and treatment for homeless youth, it is critical to understand risk factors and mechanisms associated with suicide risk among this population.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Family network satisfaction moderates treatment effects among homeless youth experiencing suicidal ideation

Zhang

Walsh

et al. 2020

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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Objective.-Limited research has evaluated the efficacy of suicide prevention interventions among homeless youth, especially considering how their connectedness with their family would impact treatment outcomes.Method.-Suicidal homeless youth (N = 150) between the ages of 18 to 24 years were recruited from a local drop-in center. Youth were randomly assigned to Cognitive Therapy for Suicide Prevention (CTSP) + Treatment as Usual (TAU) or Treatment as Usual alone. Youth reported their family network satisfaction at the baseline assessment, whereas their suicidal ideation, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness were assessed at baseline and three additional times during a nine-month period.Results.-A multiple-group autoregressive cross-lagged model suggests that CTSP was associated with lower suicidal ideation and lower thwarted belongingness only among those with high family network satisfaction. Among both groups, perceived burdensomeness predicted higher suicidal ideation, which in turn predicted lower perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Additionally, only among youth with low family network satisfaction, thwarted belongingness predicted lower suicidal ideation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Family network satisfaction moderates treatment effects among homeless youth experiencing suicidal ideation

Zhang

Walsh

et al. 2020

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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“…Suicide has several risk factors, including childhood abuse [ 28 ] and street victimisation [ 21 ]. Adverse childhood events are associated with suicidal behaviour among youth and young adults, including childhood trauma, types of trauma (verbal, physical, or sexual), and the loss of a parent [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidality and homelessness: prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviour among homeless young adults in Southern Ethiopia

et al. 2023

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Background Research indicates that homelessness is associated with an increased risk of suicide. While street homelessness is a global problem, it is a disproportionately serious concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. Despite their high risk of suicidal thoughts and attempts, there has been limited research on this subject among homeless young people in Ethiopia. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence and factors contributing to suicidal behaviour among homeless young people in the southern region of this country. Methods We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study from 15 June to 15 August 2020 involving 798 homeless young adults in four southern Ethiopian towns and cities. The Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) was used to assess suicidal behaviour. Data were coded and entered into Epi-Data version 7 and analysed using SPSS version 20. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with suicidal behaviour. Variables with a p-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was determined to indicate the association’s strength. Results The overall prevalence of suicidal behaviour among young homeless individuals was 38.2% (95% CI: 34.8%, 41.5%). The lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, planning and attempt was 10.7% (95% CI: 8.6–12.9%), 5.1% (95% CI: 3.6–6.6%) and 3% (95% CI: 1.9–4.3%), respectively. A longer duration of homelessness (1–2 years) (AOR = 2.244, 95% CI: 1.447–3.481), stressful life events (AOR = 1.655, 95% CI: 1.132–2.418) and the stigma associated with homelessness (AOR = 1.629, 95% CI: 1.149–1.505) were significantly associated with suicidal behaviour. Conclusion The results of our study indicate that suicide is a serious public health problem among homeless young people in southern Ethiopia. We have found associations between suicidal behaviour and stressful events, homelessness lasting for one to two years and stigma. Our study suggests that policymakers and programme planners need to develop a strategy for preventing, detecting and managing suicidal behaviour among street-dwelling homeless young adults, a vulnerable and understudied population. A community-based suicide prevention campaign is also essential for street-dwelling homeless young people in Ethiopia.

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“…Youth who experience homelessness have a high prevalence of mental health conditions [ 2 ]. Many homeless youth have experienced physical or sexual abuse prior to or after becoming homeless [ 3 , 4 ] and are at high risk for suicide [ 4 - 8 ]. The toxic effects of the everyday stress of homelessness are devastating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality Meditation Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Feasibility

Chavez¹,

Kelleher²,

Slesnick³

et al. 2020

JMIR Ment Health

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Background Homelessness among youth is devastating, with high rates of substance use disorders and mental health comorbidity. Mindfulness-based interventions that include meditation and mindfulness skills training reduce stress and symptoms of anxiety or depression. However, engaging high-risk youth in interventions is challenging. Virtual reality is a more flexible platform for delivering meditation and may be appealing to youth. Objective The study objectives were to evaluate the feasibility of delivering virtual reality meditation and of collecting outcome measures, including anxiety and physiologic stress. Methods A sample of 30 youth experiencing homelessness was enrolled in the study. Youth were randomized to receive 10 minutes of one of three interventions: (1) virtual reality meditation, (2) audio meditation (through a web-based platform), or (3) virtual reality imagery of historical pictures and text. Subjects who consented to the study attended two research visits. The first visit collected survey measures of demographics, mental health, and substance use, and oriented subjects to the intervention platforms. The second visit (1-3 days later) delivered the intervention and collected pre and post outcome measures of anxiety and physiologic stress (salivary cortisol). Changes in anxiety and cortisol at the second visit were compared across groups using a linear regression model in which the primary analysis compared virtual reality meditation to audio meditation and secondary analyses compared virtual reality meditation to virtual reality imagery. Results Anxiety scores decreased in all groups, with a larger reduction among the virtual reality meditation group (difference=10.8) compared to the web-based meditation or virtual reality images groups (difference=5.8 and 5.0, respectively). After controlling for baseline values, there were no significant group differences in changes in anxiety scores or cortisol levels. In comparing virtual reality meditation and audio meditation, the effect size for anxiety was moderate (Cohen d=0.58) while the effect size for cortisol was small (Cohen d=0.08). Conclusions Preliminary results suggest that virtual reality meditation has a moderate benefit for anxiety but not physiologic stress. Future research is needed to confirm these results in a larger sample and to investigate whether the effects are sustained or increase with repeated use of virtual reality mediation. Virtual reality meditation appears feasible to deliver among homeless youth and merits further study. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04004520; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04004520

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Comparing subgroups of suicidal homeless adolescents: Multiple attempters, single attempters and ideators

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Family network satisfaction moderates treatment effects among homeless youth experiencing suicidal ideation

Family network satisfaction moderates treatment effects among homeless youth experiencing suicidal ideation

Suicidality and homelessness: prevalence and associated factors of suicidal behaviour among homeless young adults in Southern Ethiopia

Virtual Reality Meditation Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Feasibility

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