Comparing Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ with Longitudinal, Expert, All Data (LEAD) standard diagnoses in a sample with a high prevalence of axis I and axis II disorders

Wilberg, Theresa; Dammen, Toril; Friis, Svein

doi:10.1053/comp.2000.0410295

Cited by 52 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Including clinician-rated psychopathy measures would allow comparison of these factors of psychopathy to those in the PCL:SV (for nonincarcerated samples) or PCL-R (for incarcerated samples) and would also permit an examination of whether self-reports and clinician ratings of psychopathy factors would share enough variance to segregate into conceptual factors within the nomological network of psychopathy or whether they would instead separate into methodological factors. Furthermore, the construct validity of these selfreport psychopathy factors should be examined with interview-based diagnostic symptoms of personality disorders, because there are indications in the literature that the PDQ-4+ may not be a suitable replacement for a structured clinical interview (Fossati et al, 1998, Wilberg, Dammen, & Friis, 2000; but see Davison, Leese, & Taylor, 2001). …”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Psychopathy Factors Assessed Via Self-Report

et al. 2005

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Psychopathy has been conceptualized as a personality disorder with distinctive interpersonalaffective and behavioral deviance features. The authors examine correlates of the factors of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI), Self-Report Psychopathy-II (SRP-II) scale, and Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) to understand similarities and differences among the constructs embodied in these instruments. PPI Fearless Dominance and SRP-II Factor 1 were negatively related to most personality disorder symptoms and were both predicted by high Dominance and low Neuroticism. In addition, PPI Fearless Dominance correlated positively with antisocial personality features, although SRP-II Factor 1 did not. In contrast, PPI Impulsive Antisociality, SRP-II Factor 2, and both APSD factors correlated with antisocial personality features and symptoms of nearly all personality disorders, and were predicted by low Love. Results suggest ways in which the measurement of the constructs in each instrument may be improved. KeywordsPsychopathic Personality Inventory; Self-Report Psychopathy-II scale; Antisocial Process Screening Device; psychopathy; self-report; nomological network Psychopathy is a personality disorder that is distinguished from common criminality and chronic antisociality by the presence of distinctive interpersonal-affective features (Hare, 2003;Harpur, Hare, & Hakstian, 1989;Lilienfeld, 1994;Lykken, 1995;Patrick & Lang, 1999). Recent self-report measures of psychopathy, including the Self-Report Psychopathy scale (SRP;Hare, 1985Hare, , 1991 and the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI; Lilienfeld & Andrews, 1996), demonstrate better convergence and coverage of both the interpersonalaffective and antisocial lifestyle features of psychopathy. Factor analytic work on these and other self-report instruments of psychopathy has revealed that many of these instruments have a two-factor structure, each of which parses the interpersonal-affective and behavioral features into separate subscales (Benning, Patrick, Hicks, Blonigen, & Krueger, 2003;Frick, O'Brien, Wootton, & McBurnett, 1994;Hare, 1991). Here, we examined in an undergraduate sample the construct validity of the two-factor structures of the PPI, the SRP-II scale, and a self-report version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD; Frick & Hare, 2001). We examined the relations of each psychopathy factor to the others, to symptoms of other personality disorders, and to normal-range personality dimensions.Correspondence may be addressed either to Stephen D. Benning, Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455 (e-mail: benn0224@umn.edu), or to Randall T. Salekin, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Box 870348, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 (e-mail: rsalekin@bama.ua.edu). Cronbach and Meehl (1955) proposed the concept of the nomological network as a theoretical framework for understanding construct validity. In this framework, a network is set up between unobserved theoretical constructs ...

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Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Psychopathy Factors Assessed Via Self-Report

et al. 2005

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“…For the presence of depression, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI: Beck et al, 1961), which consist in a 21-item relative to depression (α=0.91). The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4th Edition (PDQ-4) was administered for detection of personality disorders (α=0.50 -0.71), consistent with the DSM-IV (Hyler, 1994;Rodgers et al, 2004;Wilberg et al, 2000). Finally, the Anxiety Disorders structured Interview Schedule for DSM-IV (ADIS-IV: Brown et al, 1994) was administered by a psychologist to assess comorbid anxiety disorders.…”

Section: Clinical Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms on brain event-related potentials in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Thibault

Felezeu

O’Connor

et al. 2008

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

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Approximately 30 to 50% of people suffering from Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) also fulfill diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Despite this high degree of comorbidity, very few studies have addressed the question of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in GTS patients using specific brain event-related potentials (ERP) responses. The aim of the current study was to quantify neurocognitive aspects of comorbidity, using ERPs. Fourteen adults with GTS (without OCD) were compared to a group of 12 participants with GTS and comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms (GTS+OCS), to a group of 15 participants with OCD and to a group of 14 control participants without neurological or psychiatric problems. The P200 and P300 components were recorded during a visual counting oddball task. Results showed intact P200 amplitude in all groups, whilst the P300 amplitude was affected differentially across groups. The P300 oddball effect was reduced in participants in both OCD and GTS+OCS groups in the anterior region. However, the P300 oddball effect was significantly larger in participants of the GTS group compared to all other groups, mostly in the parietal region. These findings suggest that adults with GTS are characterized by enhanced working memory updating processes and that the superimposition of OCS can lead to a reduction of these processes. The discrepancy between our findings and results obtained in previous studies on GTS could reflect the modulating effect of OCS on late ERP components.

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“…Firstly, the PDQ4+, widely used for the screening of Personality Disorders, cannot be considered the standard in the diagnosis of Personality Disorders because it is a self-report measure and it has shown to generate a high percentage of false positives [35] [53]. It is possible that the presence of cluster B PDs among participants was overestimated, and further studies should administered other measurement instruments as the SCID-II to evaluate the prevalence rates of cluster B PDs among Italian patients who undergo aesthetic plastic surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Image and Personality in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: A Case-Control Study

Mattei

Bagliacca²,

Lavezzari³

et al. 2015

OJMP

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Introduction: The amount of research on the relationship between plastic surgery and psychological features, such as personality disorders and indexes of body image dissatisfaction, has increased significantly in the last years. Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine these psychological features among Italian patients who underwent aesthetic plastic surgery, testing the mediating role of the mass media influence on the relationship between them and the choice of aesthetic plastic surgery. The Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4+ (PDQ-4+) and the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT) were administered to patients who underwent aesthetic plastic surgery (N = 111) and participants who had no history of aesthetic plastic surgical procedures (N = 149). Results: Results showed that aesthetic patients reported higher indexes of body image disturbance than controls. No significant differences between aesthetic participants and controls were found in all three cluster B personality disorders. Moreover, the effect of body image dissatisfaction on the choice to undergo aesthetic plastic surgery was partially mediated by the influence of mass media. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study confirmed the importance of body dissatisfaction as a predictor of the choice to undergo aesthetic surgery and highlighted the influence of media messages regarding physical appearance.

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Comparing Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ with Longitudinal, Expert, All Data (LEAD) standard diagnoses in a sample with a high prevalence of axis I and axis II disorders

Cited by 52 publications

References 31 publications

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Psychopathy Factors Assessed Via Self-Report

Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Psychopathy Factors Assessed Via Self-Report

Influence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive symptoms on brain event-related potentials in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome

Body Image and Personality in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: A Case-Control Study

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