Comparing Near-Coincident C- and X-Band SAR Acquisitions of Marine Oil Spills

Skrunes, Stine; Brekke, Camilla; Eltoft, T.; Kudryavtsev, V. N.

doi:10.1109/tgrs.2014.2351417

Cited by 93 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Remote sensing of marine films, both biogenic pollutions and oil spills, is aimed to identify the films and to quantify their characteristics, and is a very important and urgent problem actively discussed in the literature (see, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], and references therein). This problem, however, film slick remote sensing some observations with dual-and quad-polarized single-band radars have been carried out (see, e.g., [31][32][33]). In [32] where Radarsat (RS) and TerraSAR-X (TS) acquisitions of slicks were analyzed any noticeable effect of surface film on the non-Bragg component was not revealed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing of Organic Films on the Water Surface Using Dual Co-Polarized Ship-Based X-/C-/S-Band Radar and TerraSAR-X

et al. 2018

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Microwave radar is a well-established tool for all-weather monitoring of film slicks which appear in radar imagery of the surface of water bodies as areas of reduced backscatter due to suppression of short wind waves. Information about slicks obtained with single-band/one-polarized radar seems to be insufficient for film characterization; hence, new capabilities of multi-polarization radars for monitoring of film slicks have been actively discussed in the literature. In this paper the results of new experiments on remote sensing of film slicks using dual co-polarized radarsa satellite TerraSAR-X and a ship-based X-/C-/S-band radar-are presented. Radar backscattering is assumed to contain Bragg and non-Bragg components (BC and NBC, respectively). BC is due to backscattering from resonant cm-scale wind waves, while NBC is supposed to be associated with wave breaking. Each of the components can be eliminated from the total radar backscatter measured at two co-polarizations, and contrasts of Bragg and non-Bragg components in slicks can be analyzed separately. New data on a damping ratio (contrast) characterizing reduction of radar returns in slicks are obtained for the two components of radar backscatter in various radar bands. The contrast values for Bragg and non-Bragg components are comparable to each other and demonstrate similar dependence on radar wave number; BC and NBC contrasts grow monotonically for the cases of upwind and downwind observations and weakly decrease with wave number for the cross-wind direction. Reduction of BC in slicks can be explained by enhanced viscous damping of cm-scale Bragg waves due to an elastic film. Physical mechanisms of NBC reduction in slicks are discussed. It is hypothesized that strong breaking (e.g., white-capping) weakly contributes to the NBC contrast because of "cleaning" of the water surface due to turbulent surfactant mixing associated with wave crest overturning. An effective mechanism of NBC reduction due to film can be associated with modification of micro-breaking wave features, such as parasitic ripples, bulge, and toe, in slicks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remote Sensing of Organic Films on the Water Surface Using Dual Co-Polarized Ship-Based X-/C-/S-Band Radar and TerraSAR-X

et al. 2018

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“…Similarly, the normalized distance between the means was used in [31]. Evaluating the mean and standard deviations for each polarimetric feature relative to each other has been done in several studies (see, e.g., [3] [32]). In our case, we choose to use a distance measure that captures both the mean and standard deviation of the polarimetric feature, and at the same time is defined on an interval with discrete boundaries.…”

Section: A Separability Measurementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Evolving Oil Spills in Full-Polarimetric and Hybrid-Polarity SAR

Espeseth

Skrunes

Jones

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing

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Abstract-Oil spill detection using a time series of images acquired off Norway in June 2015 with the Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) is examined. The relative performance of a set of features derived from quadpolarization vs. hybrid-polarity modes in detection of various types of slicks as they evolve on a high wind driven sea surface is evaluated. It is shown that the hybrid-polarity mode is comparable to the full-polarimetric mode in its ability to distinguish the various slicks from open water for challenging conditions of high winds (9-12 m/s), small release volumes (0.2 -0.5m3 ), and during the period 0-9 hours following release. The features that contain the cross-polarization component are better for distinguishing the various slicks from open water at later and more developed stages. Although these features are not available in the hybrid-polarity mode, we identify alternative features to achieve similar results. In addition, a clear correlation between the results of individual features and their dependence on particular components within the two-scale Bragg scattering theory is identified. The features that show poor detectability of the oil slicks are those that are independent of the small-scale roughness, while the features resulting in good separability were dependent on several factors in the two-scale Bragg scattering model. We conclude that the hybrid-polarity mode is a viable alternative for SAR-based oil spill detection and monitoring that provides comparable results to those from quad-polarimetric SAR.

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“…In the majority of the acquisitions, the plant oil cluster is located in the inverse Gamma and inverse Beta distribution regions. Skrunes et al 7,19 found that the texture for plant oil was less than for the emulsion slick using both Cand X-band SAR. This conclusion agrees with some of the results we find here for the UAVSAR scenes in the early stages of the oil slicks.…”

Section: Log-cumulant Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polarimetric information, in terms of decomposition and feature extraction, has been widely used in research to analyse oil spills, both for detecting and for discriminating them from look-alikes (see, e.g., Refs. [6][7][8][9]. The FP mode introduce limitations when it comes to coverage, and the use of HP mode is therefore an important alternative that might allow enough polarimetric information and larger design flexibility than the FP mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil spill characterization in the hybrid polarity SAR domain using log-cumulants

et al. 2016

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Log-cumulants have proven to be an interesting tool for evaluating the statistical properties of potential oil spills in polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data within the common horizontal (H) and vertical (V) polarization basis. The use of first, second, and third order sample log-cumulants has shown potential for evaluating the texture and the statistical distributions, as well as discriminating oil from look-alikes. Logcumulants are cumulants derived in the log-domain and can be applied to both single-polarization and multipolarization SAR data. This study is the first to investigate the di↵erences between hybrid-polarity (HP) and full-polarimetric (FP) modes based on the sample log-cumulants of various oil slicks and open water from nine Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) scenes acquired o↵ the coast of Norway in 2015.The sample log-cumulants calculated from the HP intensities show similar statistical behavior to the FP ones, resulting in a similar interpretation of the sample log-cumulants from HP and FP. Approximately eight hours after release the sample log-cumulants representing emulsion slicks have become more similar to the open water compared to plant oil. We find that the sample log-cumulants of the various oil slicks and open water varies between the scenes and also between the slicks and open water. This might be due to changes in ocean and wind condition, the initial slick properties, and/or the di↵erence in the weathering process of the oil slicks.

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Comparing Near-Coincident C- and X-Band SAR Acquisitions of Marine Oil Spills

Cited by 93 publications

References 41 publications

Remote Sensing of Organic Films on the Water Surface Using Dual Co-Polarized Ship-Based X-/C-/S-Band Radar and TerraSAR-X

Remote Sensing of Organic Films on the Water Surface Using Dual Co-Polarized Ship-Based X-/C-/S-Band Radar and TerraSAR-X

Analysis of Evolving Oil Spills in Full-Polarimetric and Hybrid-Polarity SAR

Oil spill characterization in the hybrid polarity SAR domain using log-cumulants

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