Comparing Methodologies for the Characterization of Water Drops Emitted by an Irrigation Sprinkler

Bautista-Capetillo, Carlos; Salvador, R.; Burguete, J.; Montero, José Antonio; Tarjuelo, J.M.; Zapata, N.; González, J.; Playán, E.

doi:10.13031/2013.29140

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…As a consequence, only drop diameter is available for each drop in the data set. Bautista-Capetillo et al (2009) used a disdrometer to measure 13,254 drop diameters in the same conditions used in low-13 speed photography. At each pressure and distance from the sprinkler the disdrometer measured drop diameters were used, and drop velocities were derived from Eq.…”

Section: Estimated Drop Velocity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most relevant techniques used for drop diameter determination are: stain method (Magarvey 1956), momentum method (Joss and Waldvogel 1967), oil immersion method (Eigel and Moore 1983), flour method (Kohl and DeBoer 1984), optical methods (Hauser et al 1984;Kincaid et al 1996;Montero et al 2003;) and photographic methods (Jones 1956;Sudheer and Panda 2000;Salvador et al 2009). These techniques have been applied to either rainfall or sprinkler irrigation drop diameter determination (Cruvinel et al 1996;Cruvinel et al 1999;Salles et al 1999;Sudheer and Panda 2000;Montero et al 2003;Bautista-Capetillo et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a simple technique that can be used even in outdoor conditions. Bautista-Capetillo et al (2009) analyzed data quality resulting from a disdrometer (model ODM 470, Eigenbrodt, Königsmoor, Germany). These authors confirmed the quality of drop diameter measurements, and concluded that velocity estimates could not be obtained from this particular device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Kinetic energy in sprinkler irrigation: different sources of drop diameter and velocity

2011

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Sprinkler kinetic energy has been linked to a number of problems in irrigated fields. This work presents the characterization of sprinkler drop kinetic energy and specific power from low-speed photographic drop data using a commercial impact sprinkler and three operating pressures. The spatial variability of specific power (W m -2 ) was assessed for different sprinkler spacings, showing different patterns in rectangular and triangular spacings. The specific power uniformity coefficient ranged from 38 % to 77 %, depending on sprinkler spacing and operating pressure. An attempt was made to characterize specific power from estimated (measured diameter and estimated velocity) and simulated data (using a ballistic model). While estimated data produced adequate results, simulated data resulted in a large overestimation. Discrepancies in kinetic variables between measured and simulated drop data permit to conclude that it is important to continue experimental drop characterization efforts as well as sprinkler simulation model development.

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Section: Estimated Drop Velocity Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic energy in sprinkler irrigation: different sources of drop diameter and velocity

2011

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“…Different experimental methods for evaluating droplet characteristics have been reported in the literature [30][31][32] . The experiment was designed to characterize droplets from distances at the end of a wetted radius of the sprinklers at the four experimental pressures.…”

Section: Droplet Characterization Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of droplet distributions from fluidic and impact sprinklers

Zhu¹,

Yuan²,

Liu³

et al. 2015

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

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To adapt to the trend toward low-energy precision irrigation, the droplet distributions for two new prototype sprinklers, outside signal sprinkler (OS) and fluidic sprinkler (FS), were compared with impact sprinkler (IS). A laser precipitation monitor was used to measure the droplet distributions. Droplet size and velocity distributions were tested under four operating pressures for nozzles 1.5 m above the ground. For the operating pressures tested, the mean OS, FS and IS droplet diameters ranged from 0 to 3.4, 0 to 3.5, 0 to 4.0 mm, respectively. The mean OS and FS droplet velocities ranged from 0 to 6.3 m$s greater velocity than OS and FS. A new empirical equation is proposed for determination of droplet size for OS and FS, which is sufficiently accurate and simple to use. Basic statistics for droplet size and velocity were performed on data obtained by the photographic methods. The mean droplet diameter (arithmetic, volumetric and median) decreased and the mean velocity increased in operating pressure for the three types of sprinkler.

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“…Current ballistic sprinkler simulation models rely on a number of semi-empirical and empirical parameters that limit their applicability to the calibration conditions (Burguete et al 2007). Reducing the model empiricism by measuring drop diameter has been an important field of research in the last decades (Kincaid et al 1996;Montero et al 2003;Burguete et al 2007;Salvador et al 2009;Bautista-Capetillo et al 2009). Droplets are subjected to relevant Wind Drift and Evaporation Losses (WDEL) in their trajectory from the nozzle to the soil/canopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simulation tool for advanced design and management of collective sprinkler-irrigated areas: a study case

et al. 2017

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More than one million hectares have undergone irrigation modernization in Spain during this century. Irrigation modernization to pressurized systems is currently facing challenges derived from increasing electricity prices and decreasing public subsidies. The economic viability of such projects is compromised, and the number of projects is decreasing. Pressurized collective networks are commonly designed and managed using hydraulic simulation tools and probabilistic hypotheses on hydrant use. In this paper, a simulation tool is presented that widens the scope of the analysis by combining hydraulics with agronomy, agrometeorology, solid-set sprinkler irrigation and economics. The CINTEGRAL software simulates the net benefit of the seasonal operation of a collective pressurized irrigation network. The software incorporates an optimization module for the electricity contract associated to the pumping station. CINTEGRAL runs on a time step of a half-hour, and simulates the irrigation season of a variety of crops.The software was applied to analyze the economic benefit of a Water User Association (WUA) under different design and management scenarios (ondemand, network sectoring and dividing the irrigated area in separate networks). In the

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Comparing Methodologies for the Characterization of Water Drops Emitted by an Irrigation Sprinkler

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Kinetic energy in sprinkler irrigation: different sources of drop diameter and velocity

Kinetic energy in sprinkler irrigation: different sources of drop diameter and velocity

Comparison of droplet distributions from fluidic and impact sprinklers

A simulation tool for advanced design and management of collective sprinkler-irrigated areas: a study case

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