Comparing Health-related Quality of Life of Lenke 1–2, and Lenke 5–6 Severe AIS Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients 2 Years after Surgery Using SRS-22 Questionnaire

Abstract

Introduction: Lenke classification organizes curve patterns into six major "curve types". Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in AIS patients is gaining attention particularly on whose undergone surgery and findings are sometimes not expected. Comparisons of HRQOL in severe patients between Lenke 1 (main thoracic) and Lenke 2 (double thoracic) and patients with Lenke 5 (thoracolumbar/lumbar) and Lenke 6 (thoracolumbar/ lumbar-main thoracic) curve types have yet to be carried out. Materials and methods: Forty-six severe AIS patients classified Lenke type 1, 2, 4, and 5 undergone surgery from 2016 to 2019 were recruited. Demographic variables and surgical details were collected. Patients filled out the SRS-22 questionnaire at (1) Before surgery (preoperative), (2) Before hospital discharge (post-op1), (3) 1 year postoperative (post-op2), and (4) 2 years post-op (post-op3). Statistical comparisons of HRQOL domain scores were carried out between Lenke 1 + 2 group and Lenke 5 + 6 group longitudinally and between groups. Results:The mean age at surgery is 18.14 years. Longitudinal comparisons showed "Function" and "Pain" scores dropped before hospital discharge and recovered at post-op follow-ups. "Function" and "Pain" in Lenke 1 + 2 group at between-group comparisons were significantly higher than Lenke 5 + 6. Self-image, satisfaction, and mean scores were also higher in Lenke 1 + 2 without statistical significance. Conclusion: All domains showed improvements 2 years after surgery in both Lenke type groups, of which significant improvements were statistically found in "Function", "Pain", and "Mental health" in Lenke 1 + 2 patients. Key messages:• All HRQOL domains in both Lenke 1 + 2 (main thoracic + double thoracic) group and Lenke 5 + 6 (thoracolumbar/lumbar + thoracolumbar/ lumbar-main thoracic) group improved after spinal surgery. • "Function", "Pain", and "Mental health" in patients of Lenke 1 + 2 group significantly were improved statistically than patients in Lenke 5 + 6 group. • "Self-image" and "Satisfaction" were also improved without statistical significance.