Comparing Diabetes Prevalence Between African Americans and Whites of Similar Socioeconomic Status

Signorello, Lisa B.; Schlundt, David G.; Cohen, Sarah S.; Steinwandel, Mark; Buchowski, Maciej S.; McLaughlin, Joseph K.; Hargreaves, Margaret; Blot, William J.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2006.094482

Cited by 150 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Low education status may be associated with less awareness and less opportunity for prevention/control, and vice versa, for those with higher education status. However, the present study differs from other studies which found a lack of association, for example Muyer et al, 2012 andSignorello et al, 2007 in USA. Further study is needed to confirm the association between education and DM.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

Ismail¹,

Omar²,

Saminathan³

et al. 2018

GJHS

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Background: The prevalence of diabetes has increased dramatically in the last decade. Compounding the problem are undiagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus. These respondents are those who do not know that they have the disease. Undiagnosed cases have substantial implications as they are at more risk to develope fatal complications. This study aims to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed T2DM and to identify its associated factors in Malaysia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

Ismail¹,

Omar²,

Saminathan³

et al. 2018

GJHS

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“…Only 13.8% of the carrier adults had been diagnosed with NIDDM and only 3 of 13 women had been diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy. The prevalence of diabetes in these adult mutation carriers is comparable with recent estimates of the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults in the United States, which range from 9.6% to 21% (21,22). A possible explanation for the high rate of glucose intolerance emphasized by Huopio et al is that patients with dominant K ATP hyperinsulinism mutations have somewhat impaired insulin responses to glucose because of inadequate functioning K ATP channels (see Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Clinical characteristics and biochemical mechanisms of congenital hyperinsulinism associated with dominant KATP channel mutations

Pinney¹,

MacMullen²,

Becker³

et al. 2008

J. Clin. Invest.

177

165

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Congenital hyperinsulinism is a condition of dysregulated insulin secretion often caused by inactivating mutations of the ATP-sensitive K + (K ATP ) channel in the pancreatic β cell. Though most disease-causing mutations of the 2 genes encoding K ATP subunits, ABCC8 (SUR1) and KCNJ11 (Kir6.2), are recessively inherited, some cases of dominantly inherited inactivating mutations have been reported. To better understand the differences between dominantly and recessively inherited inactivating K ATP mutations, we have identified and characterized 16 families with 14 different dominantly inherited K ATP mutations, including a total of 33 affected individuals. The 16 probands presented with hypoglycemia at ages from birth to 3.3 years, and 15 of 16 were well controlled on diazoxide, a K ATP channel agonist. Of 29 adults with mutations, 14 were asymptomatic. In contrast to a previous report of increased diabetes risk in dominant K ATP hyperinsulinism, only 4 of 29 adults had diabetes. Unlike recessive mutations, dominantly inherited K ATP mutant subunits trafficked normally to the plasma membrane when expressed in COSm6 cells. Dominant mutations also resulted in different channel-gating defects, as dominant ABCC8 mutations diminished channel responses to magnesium adenosine diphosphate or diazoxide, while dominant KCNJ11 mutations impaired channel opening, even in the absence of nucleotides. These data highlight distinctive features of dominant K ATP hyperinsulinism relative to the more common and more severe recessive form, including retention of normal subunit trafficking, impaired channel activity, and a milder hypoglycemia phenotype that may escape detection in infancy and is often responsive to diazoxide medical therapy, without the need for surgical pancreatectomy.

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“…At the same obesity levels, prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was, however, the highest in the Indians, lowest in the Europeans and intermediate in the Chinese and Japanese. A number of studies showed ethnic differences in the prevalence 15,16 and strength of association of diabetes with obesity after controlling for many covariates such as socioeconomic status and other lifestyle factors based on crosssectional [17][18][19] and prospective data. 20 Similar to our finding, investigators from Obesity in Asia Collaboration 21 have…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic comparison of the association of undiagnosed diabetes with obesity

et al. 2009

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Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the crude prevalence and estimated probability of undiagnosed diabetes in different ethnic groups, given the same level of obesity. Design and Subjects: Cross-sectional data from 24 515 men and 29 952 women, aged X30 years, and free of previously diagnosed diabetes were included. Baseline body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured. Diabetes was defined according to both fasting and 2-h 75-g glucose criteria.Results: Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was the highest in Asian Indians, the lowest in Europeans and intermediate in others, given the same BMI or waist circumference category across the BMI or waist circumference ranges (Po0.001 for all BMI or waist categories). b-Coefficients corresponding to a 1 s.d. increase in BMI were 0.34/0.28, 0.41/0.43, 0.42/0.61, 0.36/0.59 and 0.33/0.49 for the Asian Indians, Chinese, Japanese, Mauritian Indians and European men/women (homogeneity test: P40.05 in men and Po0.001 in women), and in waist: 0.31/0.31, 0.30/0.46, 0.22/0.57 and 0.38/0.58 for the Asian Indians, Chinese, Mauritian Indians and Europeans, respectively (homogeneity test: P40.05 in men and Po0.001 in women). Conclusion: Prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes increased with an increasing BMI or waist circumference to a similar degree in men in all ethnic groups but to a lesser degree in Asian Indian women than in others, regardless of the higher prevalence in Asian Indians than in others at the same BMI (or) waist circumference levels.

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Comparing Diabetes Prevalence Between African Americans and Whites of Similar Socioeconomic Status

Abstract: Our findings suggest that major differences in diabetes prevalence between African Americans and Whites may simply reflect differences in established risk factors for the disease, such as SES, that typically vary according to race.

Cited by 150 publications

References 54 publications

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

Prevalence of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Associated Factors Among the Malaysian Population: The 2015 National Health and Morbidity Survey, Malaysia

Clinical characteristics and biochemical mechanisms of congenital hyperinsulinism associated with dominant KATP channel mutations

Ethnic comparison of the association of undiagnosed diabetes with obesity

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