Compared effects of surgical and natural menopause on climacteric symptoms, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome

Özdemir, Suna; Çelık, Çetin; Görkemli, Hüseyin; Kiyici, Aysel; Kaya, Buğra

doi:10.1016/j.ijgo.2009.03.016

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is not the absolute level of estrogens, but the rate of estrogen withdrawal that determines the onset of flushes (Kronenberg, 2010; Santoro, 2008). As an example, the abrupt hormone withdrawal after oophorectomy (‘‘surgical menopause’’) is associated with increased severity and frequency of hot flushes (Casper and Yen, 1985; Gelfand, 1999; Özdemir et al, 2009). Hot flushes do not occur in situations where estrogen is chronically absent from birth, unless exogenous estrogens are administered and then subsequently withdrawn (Kronenberg, 1994).…”

Section: Physiology Of Hot Flushesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: A novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes

Rance

Dacks

Mittelman-Smith

et al. 2013

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

266

191

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Despite affecting millions of individuals, the etiology of hot flushes remains unknown. Here we review the physiology of hot flushes, CNS pathways regulating heat-dissipation effectors, and effects of estrogen on thermoregulation in animal models. Based on the marked changes in hypothalamic kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in postmenopausal women, we hypothesize that KNDy neurons play a role in the mechanism of flushes. In the rat, KNDy neurons project to preoptic thermoregulatory areas that express the neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R), the primary receptor for NKB. Furthermore, activation of NK3R in the median preoptic nucleus, part of the heat-defense pathway, reduces body temperature. Finally, ablation of KNDy neurons reduces cutaneous vasodilatation and partially blocks the effects of estrogen on thermoregulation. These data suggest that arcuate KNDy neurons relay estrogen signals to preoptic structures regulating heat-dissipation effectors, supporting the hypothesis that KNDy neurons participate in the generation of flushes.

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Section: Physiology Of Hot Flushesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: A novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes

Rance

Dacks

Mittelman-Smith

et al. 2013

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

266

191

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Animal studies have consistently demonstrated a relationship between bilateral oophorectomy and increased adiposity (13–15) and insulin resistance (13, 16, 17) and higher total and LDL-cholesterol (13, 18). A few clinical studies and two population based studies have examined the association of oophorectomy with weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), however the results have been inconsistent (12, 19–24), No study has specifically evaluated body fat as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). BIA measures the opposition of body tissue to the flow of a small electric current, which can be used to estimate total body water, fat free mass, and percent body fat.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of bilateral oophorectomy and body fatness in a representative sample of US women

McCarthy

Menke

Visvanathan

2013

Gynecologic Oncology

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Objective Preclinical studies suggest that abrupt hormone deprivation caused by oophorectomy, leads to obesity and its metabolic sequelae. The purpose of the current study was to examine the association between oophorectomy and body fatness in a nationally representative sample of women. Methods The association between prior oophorectomy and nine adiposity measures was examined using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III,1988–1994). The analytic population included cancer-free women age 40 or older (N=3549) who underwent standardized body measurements and reported on whether or not they had a bilateral oophorectomy. Multivariate linear and polytomous logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association of oophorectomy with multiple measures of adiposity. Results Mean percent body fat, skinfold thickness, waist circumference and body mass index were significantly higher in women with oophorectomy before age 40 compared to those with intact ovaries, but no difference was observed in women with oophorectomy at an older age. Women who underwent an early oophorectomy were nearly three times more likely than women with intact ovaries to have percent body fat in the highest tertile compared to the lowest tertile (OR=2.82, 95% CI 1.39–5.75). Excluding hormone therapy (HT) users yielded stronger associations. Conclusion Bilateral oophorectomy in young women is strongly associated with an increase in percent body fat, a well-established risk factor for cancer and other chronic diseases. Measuring body fat in addition to BMI may provide a more comprehensive assessment of adiposity in these women.

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“…In addition the surgical menopause was more frequent in MS + sample with respect MS − sample, however it did not result a direct predictor for MS, in according with previous studies [32]. The difference observed thus is probably related to the effect of years since menopause: in fact surgical menopause usually occurs before than physiological menopause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women: Effects of a Dietary Weight Loss Program

Spadafranca¹,

Vignati²,

Battezzati³

et al. 2013

FNS

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Epidemiological studies showed an association between menopause, weight gain and risk factors that identify the metabolic syndrome (MS). We evaluated body composition and metabolic risk factors in postmenopausal women addressed to a center for the assessment of nutritional status to lose weight by hypocaloric balanced diet. 161 postmenopausal women were enrolled. MS diagnosis was made applying IDF (International Diabetes Foundation) criteria. After the prescription of hypocaloric diet all subjects were controlled every 2 months. In patients suffering from MS (MS + ) at the first visit, diagnosis of MS was reassessed when 10% weight loss was achieved. 70 women were MS + . Years since menopause, low instruction level, obesity and Visceral Adipose Tissue (VAT) were each associated with MS. Particularly, BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m 2 (OR: 2.61; 95% CI, 1.76 -3.46) and VAT > 6.6 cm (OR: 3.49; 95% CI, 2.52 -4.46) resulted independent risk factors. The 30% of the whole sample dropped out, the reminders significantly reduced weight, waist circumference (Wc) and Fat Mass (p < 0.01). The 35% of MS + women achieved the 10% weight loss with significant reduction of VAT, Wc, fasting glucose, tryglicerides, blood pressure and resolution of MS in the 78% of them. The 43.5% of postmenopausal women addressed in one center for the assessment of nutritional status to follow a weight-loss nutritional program had the MS; visceral obesity was the strongest independent risk factor and hypocaloric balanced diet resulted a good strategy to lose weight and treat MS.

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Compared effects of surgical and natural menopause on climacteric symptoms, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndrome

Abstract: Compared with natural menopause, surgical menopause was found to be associated with higher rates of climacteric symptoms and osteoporosis but not of metabolic syndrome.

Cited by 44 publications

References 19 publications

Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: A novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes

Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: A novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot flushes

Association of bilateral oophorectomy and body fatness in a representative sample of US women

Body Composition and Metabolic Risk Factors in Postmenopausal Women: Effects of a Dietary Weight Loss Program

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