Comparative virulence of three Trypanosoma evansi isolates from water buffaloes in the Philippines

Verdillo, John Christian M.; Lazaro, Jonathan V.; Abes, Nancy S.; Mingala, Claro N.

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2011.11.006

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, pre-patent period and duration of survival were significantly longer with the East Javanese isolate indicating that it is less pathogenic in mice than those taken from Mindanao, Philippines. The present finding on the differences of virulence of T. evansi isolates in Mindanao supports the observation of Verdillo et al (2012) and Mekata et al (2013) on the varying levels of pathogenicity among T. evansi isolates in the Philippines in mice. The pathogenicity of the 10 Mindanao T. evansi isolates can be considered as moderate to high while that of the East Javanese isolate as low to moderate based on the classification by Sawitri & Wardhana (2017).…”

Section: Pathogenicitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Pathogenicity of Philippine and Indonesian Trypanosoma evansi Isolates in Mice and Their Responses to Trypanocides

Dargantes

Wardhana²,

Abella

et al. 2021

JITV

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Pathogenicity of 10 isolates of T. evansi collected from Mindanao, Philippines, and one isolate from East Java, Indonesia was determined and compared. The susceptibility of these isolates against diminazene aceturate, melarsomine dihydrochloride, suramin and quinapyramine sulphate/chloride was also tested. Twenty-five mice were infected intraperitoneally with each isolate and 20 were treated with the 4 drugs (5 mice/drug) while 5 infected and 7 uninfected mice served as infected-untreated and uninfected controls, respectively. Treatment was carried out 24 hours post-infection and parasitemia was monitored for 35 days. Mice infected with Philippine isolates significantly died earlier (5-11 days) than those infected with the Indonesian isolate (14-16 days). The prepatent period for Philippine isolates (3-8 days) was significantly shorter than the Indonesian strain (11-13 days). Trypanosomes were not observed in the blood of mice infected with any of the Philippine isolates when treated with quinapyramine sulphate/chloride, melarsomine dihydrochloride or suramin. Two of 10 mice infected with either C4 or A9 Philippine isolates and treated with diminazene aceturate had parasitemia on days 29 and 31, respectively. It is concluded that isolates of T. evansi from Mindanao, Philippines, are more pathogenic than the isolate from East Java, Indonesia. This study also indicated that quinapyramine sulphate/chloride, melarsomine dihydrochloride and suramin are effective against these T. evansi isolates from Mindanao, Philippines and East Java, Indonesia, while two of the Mindanao isolates are resistant to diminazene. This information is valuable in the enhancement of the control strategy against surra in the Philippines and Indonesia.

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Section: Pathogenicitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Pathogenicity of Philippine and Indonesian Trypanosoma evansi Isolates in Mice and Their Responses to Trypanocides

Dargantes

Wardhana²,

Abella

et al. 2021

JITV

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“…This indicated that there was an increase in IFN-γ level followed by an increase in IL-10 level (Figure 7). Verdillo et al (2012) reported that all the mice infected by T. evansi will showing a significant decrease in PCV followed by anemia progressive. However, the decrease in PCV by 27.1% on mice infected by Bang87 isolate is expected not as the main cause of the early death but contributed to the multiple organ dysfunction (MOD).…”

Section: Profile Of Pro Imflammatory (Tnf-α Ifn-γ) and Anti Implammat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokines profile of mice infected by high and low virulences of Indonesian T. evansi isolates

Sawitri

Wardhana

Wibowo

2018

JITV

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Surra in livestock is caused by Trypanosoma evansi, a homoflagella blood protozoa that circulate in extracellular. This disease is widespread in Asia, Africa, South and Central America. According to the immunological aspect, the severity of surra in livestock and mice which infected by trypanosoma is associated with an inflammatory response. On the other hand, the survival time of mice depends on the regulation of Th1 synthesis and proinflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ and TNF-α. The aim of this study was to observe the responses of proinflammatory cytokines IFN γ, TNF-α and anti-inflammatory IL-10 which result from interaction with parasites. This information is needed for improvements in the management of prevention of Surra in animals. A total of 30 mice were divided into 3 groups. The group was infected with a low virulency T. evansi (Pml287); high virulence (Bang87) respectively and one group was not infected as control. Mice sera were collected in every 4 days for cytokine measurement using an Enzyme Link-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The result showed a difference response of proinflammatory and antiinflammation cytokine profile between the infected mice by isolates Bang 87 and Pml 287. Early deaths in mice infected by Bang 87 isolate were suspected as a result of the response of systemic inflammation syndromes characterized by elevated IFN-γ levels that were not adequately compensated by anti-inflammatory. Anemia contributes to the cause of death in mice that support multiple organ failures (multiple organ disfunction).

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“…Differences in the severity and progression of trypanosome-caused diseases (virulence and pathogenicity, as defined in this study) have been described for infections of T. bruceigambiense ( Holzmuller et al, 2008 , Kaboré et al, 2018 ), T. bruceirhodesiense ( Maclean et al, 2007 , Muchiri et al, 2015 ), T. congolense ( Bengaly et al, 2002a , Bengaly et al, 2002b , Grébaut et al, 2009 , Masumu et al, 2006 ), T. evansi ( Perrone et al, 2018 , Verdillo et al, 2012 ) and T. cruzi ( Andrade et al, 1985 , Belew et al, 2017 , Henrique et al, 2016 , Lauria-Pires and Teixeira, 1996 ). Similarly, differences in virulence and pathogenicity have been recognized between East and West African strains of T. vivax , the West African strains being generally more pathogenic to cattle ( Gardiner, 1989 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Trypanosoma vivax infection in sheep: Different patterns of virulence and pathogenicity associated with differentially expressed proteomes

Ramirez-Barrios

Reyna-Bello

Parra

et al. 2019

Veterinary Parasitology

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Highlights Trypanosoma vivax strains exhibit different virulence and pathogenicity patterns. TvMT1 strain showed low virulence and high pathogenicity. TvLIEM176 strain showed high virulence and moderate pathogenicity. Protein expression varies in high virulence/moderate pathogenicity strain vs low virulence/high pathogenicity strain.

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Comparative virulence of three Trypanosoma evansi isolates from water buffaloes in the Philippines

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Pathogenicity of Philippine and Indonesian Trypanosoma evansi Isolates in Mice and Their Responses to Trypanocides

Pathogenicity of Philippine and Indonesian Trypanosoma evansi Isolates in Mice and Their Responses to Trypanocides

Cytokines profile of mice infected by high and low virulences of Indonesian T. evansi isolates

Trypanosoma vivax infection in sheep: Different patterns of virulence and pathogenicity associated with differentially expressed proteomes

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