Comparative urban ecology: challenges and possibilities

Niemelä, Jari; Kotze, D. Johan; Yli‐Pelkonen, Vesa

doi:10.1017/cbo9780511609763.003

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Fundamental ecological theories, such as the intermediate disturbance hypothesis and island biogeography, have been applied to urban biodiversity trends, predominately in large cities in the Global North, with varying degrees of success (Niemela et al . 2009).…”

Section: Conservation Of Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban ecology in a developing world: why advanced socioecological theory needs Africa

McHale

Bunn

Pickett

et al. 2013

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Socioecological theory, developed through the study of urban environments, has recently led to a proliferation of research focusing on comparative analyses of cities. This research emphasis has been concentrated in the more developed countries of the Northern Hemisphere (often referred to as the “Global North”), yet urbanization is now occurring mostly in the developing world, with the fastest rates of growth in sub-Saharan Africa. Countries like South Africa are experiencing a variety of land-cover changes that may challenge current assumptions about the differences between urban and rural environments and about the connectivity of these dynamic socioecological systems. Furthermore, questions concerning ecosystem services, landscape preferences, and conservation – when analyzed through rural livelihood frameworks – may provide insights into the social and ecological resilience of human settlements. Increasing research on urban development processes occurring in Africa, and on patterns of kinship and migration in the less developed countries of the “Global South”, will advance a more comprehensive worldview of how future urbanization will influence the progress of sustainable societies.

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Section: Conservation Of Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban ecology in a developing world: why advanced socioecological theory needs Africa

McHale

Bunn

Pickett

et al. 2013

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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“…Urbanisation can be defined as a dynamic process, where the land is mainly modified with an extension of the urbanised area and/or increased population [12][13][14]. While different social processes are regarded as the main drivers of urbanisation (i.e., population growth and employment opportunities), the process of urbanisation itself affects social, economic and political life [14,15].…”

Section: Urbanisation Fragmentation and Connectivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape Ecology Practices in Planning: Landscape Connectivity and Urban Networks

Tonyaloğlu¹

2016

Sustainable Urbanization

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The increasing need to conserve the nature and biodiversity and to maintain human well-being has motivated landscape planners and researchers to seek different planning approaches in urban environments. In this context, different approaches to planning urban networks have been developed to promote the sustainable use and functioning of landscapes, to conserve the nature and species, and increase its use and enjoyment by people [ , ]. In principle, these approaches have been founded on the conservation of natural areas/biodiversity and with a consensus on their benefits to nature, biodiversity and people [ -]. However, they generally differ from each other with respect to their expected aims, and ecological and/or social functions [ ]. Therefore, by examining different planning approaches to networks, this chapter clarifies what is meant by these concepts and approaches in the literature.

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“…Wittig (2009) rašo, kad ekologijos terminas pirmą kartą buvo įvestas 1870 m. ir nuo to laiko jo suvokimas stipriai evoliucionavo nuo grynai biologinio iki tarpdisciplininio mokslo, palaipsniui įtraukiant tiek gamtos, tiek ir ne gamtos mokslus. Niemelä et al (2009), remdamasis Haila ir Levins, nurodo, kad šiuo metu galimi keturi skirtingi termino traktavimai: 1) ekologija, kuri nagrinėja gamtos "ekonomiką", pavyzdžiui, medžiagų ir energijos srautus, 2) ekologija, kuri traktuoja aplinką kaip žmonėms skirtų išteklių visumą, 3) ekologija, kuri tiria žmonių ryšį su juos supančia aplinka, ir 4) ekologija, kuri siejama su politiniais, administraciniais veiksmais ekologinėmis ir aplinkos temomis, pavyzdžiui, žaliųjų judėjimas. Grimm et al (2000) publikuotame straipsnyje miestams buvo suteiktas ypatingas dėmesys dėl iš principo paprastos priežasties: čia gyvena daugiausiai žmonių dėl ko atitinkamai sukeliamas didžiausias poveikis gamtai, tačiau klasikinės ekologijos tyrimų kontekste žmonės tiriami atskirai, izoliuotai nuo ekosistemų (Pickett et al 2009).…”

Section: Miesto Ekologija Mokslinėje Literatūrojeunclassified

“…Pasiūlytas ekologijos terminų skirstymas įsitvirtino (Niemelä et al 2009;Pickett et al 2009;Hochuli et al 2009), tačiau didžioji dabartinio ekologijos sampratos suvokimo, sietino su miestų aplinka, dalis priklauso "ekologija miestuose" krypčiai, be to, miesto ekologijos tyrimų vis dar vykdoma sąlyginai nedaug (Hahs et al 2009;McDonnell et al 2009). Analogiška ekologinių tyrimų situacija susiformavusi ir su Lietuvoje: dažniausiai tyrimuose analizuojamas (klasikinis) žmogaus poveikis aplinkai (Laurinavičius et al 2010;Bradulienė and Vasarevičius 2012;Vaiškūnaitė et al 2012;Baziene et al 2013).…”

Section: Miesto Ekologija Mokslinėje Literatūrojeunclassified

Ekologijos aspekto vertinimas miestų bendruosiuose planuose

Staniūnas¹,

Burinskienė²,

Kaklauskas³

et al. 2013

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ES-Europos Sąjunga; JT-Jungtinės Tautos; LR-Lietuvos Respublika; COPRAS-daugiakriterinio kompleksinio proporcingumo metodas (angl. Complex Proportional Assessment of Alternatives); COPRAS-G-daugiakriterinio kompleksinio proporcingumo metodas su pilkaisiais skaičiais (angl. Complex Proportional Assessment of Alternatives with Grey Number); viii SAW-paprastojo svorių sudėjimo metodas (angl. Simple Additive Weighting); SAW-G-paprastojo svorių sudėjimo metodas su pilkaisiais skaičiais (angl. Simple Additive Weighting with Grey Number); TOPSIS-artumo idealiam taškui metodas (angl. Technique for Order Preference by Similiarity to Ideal Solution); TOPSIS grey-artumo idealiam taškui metodas su pilkaisiais skaičiais (angl. Technique for Order Preference by Similiarity to Ideal Solution with Grey Number); WASPAS-svorinės agreguotos sumos metodas (angl. Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment).

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Comparative urban ecology: challenges and possibilities

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Urban ecology in a developing world: why advanced socioecological theory needs Africa

Urban ecology in a developing world: why advanced socioecological theory needs Africa

Landscape Ecology Practices in Planning: Landscape Connectivity and Urban Networks

Ekologijos aspekto vertinimas miestų bendruosiuose planuose

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