Abstract:Background Pectoralis phenotypic variation plays a fundamental role in locomotion and thermogenesis in highland birds. However, its regulatory and metabolic mechanisms remain enigmatic to date. Here, we integrated phenomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches to determine muscle variation and its underpinning mechanisms across altitudinal songbirds. Results Phenomics revealed that all highland birds had considerable increases in muscle oxidative capacity, capillarity, and mitochondrial abundance. Corresp… Show more
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