Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Revealed the Effects of Poly (I:C) on the Liver and Spleen of Argyrosomus japonicus

Abstract

Poly (I:C) can work as an immunostimulant and a viral vaccine; however, its functional mechanism in aquatic animals needs to be further investigated. In this study, comparative transcriptomic analyses were performed to investigate the effects of poly (I:C) on Argyrosomus japonicus at 12 h and 48 h postinjection. A total of 194 and 294 differentially expressed genes were obtained in the liver and spleen, respectively. At 12 h, poly (I:C) injection could significantly influence the function of the metabolism-related pathways and immune-related pathways in the liver through the upregulation of the genes GST, LPIN, FOXO1, CYP24A1, ECM1, and SGK1, and the downregulation of the genes IL-1β, CXC19, TNFAIP3, and IRF1. At 48 h, poly (I:C) could enhance the liver energy metabolism by upregulating the genes TXNRD and ECM1, while it also induced some injury in the cells with the downregulation of the genes HBA and CYP24A1. In the spleen, poly (I:C) could regulate the fish immunity and inflammatory response by upregulating the genes DDIT4, C3, EFNA, and MNK, and by downregulating the genes ABCA1, SORT1, TNF, TLR2, IL8, and MHCII at 12 h, and at 48 h, the poly (I:C) had a similar influence as that in the liver. Intersection analyses demonstrated that CYP24A1 and ECM1 were the main functional genes that contributed to the health of the liver. Ten and four genes participated in maintaining the health of the two tissues after 12 h and 48 h, respectively. In summary, our results provided a new insight into ploy (I:C) application in A. japonicus, and it also helped us to better understand the fish response mechanism to the viral vaccine injection.

Combined Dietary Administration of Chlorella fusca and Ethanol-Inactivated Vibrio proteolyticus Modulates Intestinal Microbiota and Gene Expression in Chelon labrosus

“…These results suggest that the combined diet may enhance the activation of the complement system in response to both bacterial and viral challenges. This finding aligns with previous studies that have shown an increased induction of c3 following challenges with poly I:C or bacterial pathogens [99][100][101][102]. Further research is needed in order to investigate the mechanisms underlying the dietary effect on the complement activation cascade.…”

Immune Transcriptional Response in Head Kidney Primary Cell Cultures Isolated from the Three Most Important Species in Chilean Salmonids Aquaculture

“…However, O. mykiss decreased gene expression of TLR-8, IgM, and MHC II at 48 h. This response was similar in O. mykiss infected with F. psychrophilum, having the lowest levels of mRNA in cell membrane-associated receptors such as TLRs in spleen. [13], in agree Argyrosomus japonicas presented a downregulation of MHC II at 12 and 48 h postinjection with POLY I:C in spleen [47].…”

“…In addition, kidney cells can recognize double-stranded RNA [45], ovarian surface epithelia express TLRs 2-5 [43] and cumulus cells express TLRs2, 4, 8, and 9 [46]. POLY I:C induces an antiviral response (TLR-3) in several fish species, such as S. salar [47], and the head kidney cells and liver cells of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) [48] and killifish (Nothobranchius guentheri) [49]. Pham et al (2017) compared the S. salar heart endothelial cell line (ASHe) and the bulbous arteriosus of the fibroblast cell line (BAASf) for their responses to a viral mimic, POLY I:C, and to four RNA viruses: CSV, IPNV, VHSV Iva, and VHSV IVb [50].…”

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of gene expression profiles in the liver and spleen of American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in response to Citrobacter freundii infection

“…Immune-related genes involved in adaptive immunity in Th1, Th17, and Treg cells in the liver of Carassius auratus gibelio were upregulated in response to Myxobolus wulii infection (Zhao et al, 2021). Moreover, the immune-related genes Forkhead Box O1 (FOXO1) and Serum/ Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinase 1 (SGK1) were upregulated in the Argyrosomus japonicus liver after poly I:C stimulation and affected cell survival and mitosis (Xu et al, 2022). In contrast, genes involved in inflammation of the liver are downregulated.…”

“…For instance, the RNA‐seq data reflected a general process from pathogen recognition to inflammatory cytokine generation and delineated a putative Toll‐like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway in the Oncorhynchus mykiss spleen following Flavobacterium psychrophilum infection (Deng et al, 2022). Similarly, polyinosimic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) could regulate fish immunity and the inflammatory response in the Argyrosomus japonicus spleen (Xu et al, 2022). In Scortum barcoo , the spleen plays an important role in resistance to S. agalactiae infection by upregulating IL‐21 and IL‐22 (Gao et al, 2022).…”