Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Male Sterile Anthers Induced by High Temperature in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Global warming will have a negative effect on agricultural production as high temperature (HT) stress can seriously threaten plant growth and reproduction. Male sterility caused by HT may be exploited by the creation of a male-sterile line, which has great potential for application in crop heterosis. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms of anther abortion induced by HT in wheat, which remain unclear at present. In this study, we performed phenotype improve language in the abstract and comparative transcriptome analysis of the male sterile anthers induced by HT in wheat. Compared with Normal anthers, the cytological analysis indicated that HT-induced male sterile anthers were smaller and had no starch accumulation in pollen grains, which is consistent with the results observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The 9601 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by transcriptome sequencing compared with the Normal anthers were noticeably involved in the following pathways: starch and sucrose metabolism, phosphatidylinositol (PI) signaling system, peroxidase activity and response to oxidative stress, and heme binding. In addition, TUNEL assays were performed and the results further confirmed the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in sterile anthers. Moreover, a total of 38 hub genes were obtained from the protein-protein interaction network analysis of these pathways, including genes, for example, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), thioredoxin-like protein 1, peroxidase (POD), calreticulin, UDP glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase), sucrose synthase, phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-Kinase (PIP5K), cytochrome c, and Cystathionine beta-synthase X6-like (CBSX6-like). These findings provide insights for predicting the functions of the candidate genes, and the comprehensive analysis of our results is helpful for studying the abortive interaction mechanism induced by HT in wheat.

Genome-wide identification of genes encoding cystathionine beta synthase domain-containing proteins in wheat and its relationship with anther male sterility under heat stress

“…At the start of April, a light-transmitting plastic film was used to cover the wheat when it grew to the differentiation stage of pistil and stamen primordium (Feekes growth stage 8.5), and thus subjected to high-temperature stress for a week of continuous treatment at an average temperature of about 10 degrees above the outside temperature. The procedures were carried out as in a previous description ( Liu et al., 2021a ). There were 3 replicates for each anther sample.…”

“…The primer sequence details are provided in Supplementary Table 1 . qRT−PCR were performed as previously described ( Liu et al., 2021a ). The wheat actin gene was used as an internal control and the expression level was calculated by the 2 –⊿⊿Ct method.…”

“…However, the basis of heterosis utilization is the selection and breeding of sterile wheat lines. In our recent study, we found that CBS domain-containing protein CBSX6-like, a hub differentially expressed gene in the transcriptome of Normal and male sterile anthers induced by high temperature of Zhoumai 28, showed significant down-regulation at the trinuclear stage of male sterile anthers, which may be related to the indehiscence of high-temperature sterile anthers leading to eventual sterility ( Liu et al., 2021a ). Moreover, an association between the generation of male sterility and CBS-related genes or proteins was found in both Arabidopsis and rice.…”

The Developmental Delay of Seedlings With Cotyledons Only Confers Stress Tolerance to Suaeda aralocaspica (Chenopodiaceae) by Unique Performance on Morphology, Physiology, and Gene Expression

“…In Brassica oleracea , low temperature can also cause increase in the proline content of sprout (Šamec et al, 2022 ). Upon stress, plant cellular homeostasis is disrupted, accompanying with the generation of ROS (e.g., H 2 O 2 and ), which may cause peroxidation of membrane lipids and increase MDA concentration (Liu et al, 2021 ). Excess ROS can be scavenged by plant defense systems involving non-enzymatic antioxidants (e.g., carotenoids, AsA, and GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, POD, and CAT) (ElSayed et al, 2020 ).…”

Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses Reveal a Complex Network Regulating Pollen Abortion and Potential Candidate Proteins in TCMS Wheat

“…The development of wheat CMS lines revealed new potential for the utilization of wheat heterosis. At present, thermo/photoperiod-sensitive genic systems and CMS are being studied to explore their application potential in wheat [ 5 , 6 ]. Thermo-sensitive CMS (TCMS) wheat can be used to maintain and propagate male sterile lines via self-pollination, and it can produce a large number of seeds in some areas where the average daily temperature can consistently reach the fertile environmental temperature.…”