Comparative Toxicological Evaluation of Untreated and Treated Tannery Effluent with Nostoc Muscorum L. (Algal Assay) and Microtox Bioassay

Abstract

The relative sensitivity of tannery effluent before and after treatment was compared by employing Nostoc muscorum and microtox assay in laboratory. The effect on chlorophyll, protein and biomass content of Nostoc muscorum was studied with the luminescent property inhibition of Photobacterium phosphorium and compared with algal bioassay. The results of microtox assay after 5, 15 and 30 min of exposure were compared with data obtained from algal bioassay. It was observed that the luminescent property of Photobacterium phosphorium in microtox assay as well as the chlorophyll content of Nostoc muscorum in algal assay were the most sensitive parameters in toxicity evaluation of tannery effluent. The microtox assay produced notably comparable EC50 values with that of algal bioassay. The microtox assay of toxicity showed that EC50 (%) in 30 min was 3.19 and 63.49 for untreated and treated tannery effluent, respectively while in algal bioassay the EC50 for chlorophyll was in between 0-2.5% and 100%, respectively, in untreated and treated effluent. More than 60% reduction of toxicity was noted in treated tannery effluent in both test system.

Assessment of Present Heavy Metals in Industrial Affected Soil Area of Mandideep, Madhya Pradesh, India

“…Heavy metals are harmful to humans and animals, tending to accumulate in the food chain. Tanneries and distilleries are important source of chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) pollution in the environment (Babel and Kurniawan 2003, Farabegoli et al, 2004, Chandra et al, 2004aand 2004b. In addition, mining metallurgical activities, smelting of metal ores and fertilizers have contributed to high level of heavy metal concentrations in the environment (Alloway 1998, Ramana et al, 2012.…”

Distribution, correlation, and source apportionment of selected metals in tannery effluents, related soils, and groundwater—a case study from Multan, Pakistan

“…In terms of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total dissolved solids, almost 70% of pollution originates from pre-tanning operations (Chandra et al 2004;Ramasami 1998Ramasami , 1999. In addition, chrome tanning operations result in large emissions of chromium and sulfate ions (Marsal 1999).…”

Ecotoxicological evaluation of the wastewater treatment process of the sewage treatment plant of Thessaloniki, Greece

“…Thus, use of bioassayled marine environmental monitoring approaches can complete the characterization of such discharges. Several bioassays can be used to examine the toxicity of wastewater [9]. Organisms used as bio-indicators include the bioluminescence emitting marine bacterium Vibrio Fisceri (LUMISTox ® , Microtox ® , Toxalert ® ), the aquatic microorganism Daphnia Magna (Daphnokit F TM ), the Selenastrum capricornutum (Algaltoxkit F TM ), the Nitellopsis obtuse (Charatox), the Thamnocephalus platyurus (Thamnotoxkit F TM ), the Tetrahymena thermophila (Protoxkit F TM ), etc.…”