Comparative toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in Chinese lizards (Eremias argus) and transcriptional responses of metabolic-related genes

Xie, Yun; Li, Leon Yu Zheng; Wang, Hao; Chang, Jing; Xu, Peng; Guo, Baoyuan; Li, Jianzhong

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2019.01.055

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Similar to this result, the main metabolite of LCT and prothioconazole (PTC) concentration also increased with exposure time in lizard skin. 37,39 It can be hypothesized that fipronil sulfone from other tissues can be transported and deposited in lizard skin and then excreted through skin shedding. Therefore, the skin is a specific tissue for pollutant excretion in lizards.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Bioaccumulation, Metabolism, and Hepatotoxicity of Flufiprole in Lizards (Eremias argus)

Chang,

An,

Xie

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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As a phenylpyrazole insecticide, flufiprole is an important substitute for fipronil in the agricultural field of China. However, its bioaccumulation and metabolism in terrestrial organisms especially in the lizards living in the agricultural area have rarely been investigated. As an ectothermic animal, lizards are also sensitive to temperature changes. Considering global warming, this study measured bioaccumulation, metabolism, and hepatotoxicity of flufiprole in the Chinese native lizard (Eremias argus) under different temperature stresses. Lizards exposed to flufiprole-contaminated soil adsorbed flufiprole through the skin and flufiprole was preferred to accumulate in lizard liver and brain. The oxidation product fipronil sulfone was the main metabolite of flufiprole in both lizard liver and human liver microsomes, which were mainly metabolized by lizard CYP3A19 or human CYP3A4. The fipronil sulfone concentration increased with increased temperature in lizard tissues. In addition, more serious oxidative damage was shown under higher temperature as the glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in lizards increased with increased temperature after flufiprole exposure. Flufiprole exposure also induced lizard liver lesions, and these lesions became more serious in the higher-temperature groups. This study provided new insights into the risk assessment of flufiprole in lizards under global warming.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Bioaccumulation, Metabolism, and Hepatotoxicity of Flufiprole in Lizards (Eremias argus)

Chang,

An,

Xie

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“… , Studies have shown that approximately 60% of PTC is converted to PTC-d in soil and that the metabolites are more persistent in soil, with a half-life > 20 d. , Furthermore, it has been indicated that PTC and PTC-d in the human body can cause hepatic oxidative stress, disrupt the estrous cycle, interfere with pregnancy, and inhibit sperm production, resulting in reproductive toxicity. The toxicity of PTC-d is 1.84-fold higher than that of PTC. ,, Therefore, it is particularly important in agricultural and ecological environments to improve the utilization of PTC, to reduce the degradation of PTC, and to minimize its potential risk to nontarget species. − Nanotechnology provides potential solutions to these problems, such as the use of nanoscale materials to construct controlled-release pesticide systems and to increase pesticide efficiency …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The toxicity of PTC-d is 1.84-fold higher than that of PTC. 10,16,17 Therefore, it is particularly important in agricultural and ecological environments to improve the utilization of PTC, to reduce the degradation of PTC, and to minimize its potential risk to nontarget species. 18−20 Nanotechnology provides potential solutions to these problems, such as the use of nanoscale materials to construct controlled-release pesticide systems and to increase pesticide efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant diseases caused by fungi threaten global food security and human health. − Prothioconazole (PTC), which is an effective broad-spectrum systemic triazole fungicide, was developed by Bayer and first listed in 2004. − PTC is widely utilized to control leaf spot, powdery mildew, and other fungal diseases on commercial crops such as wheat, soybean, and cereals. ,− However, PTC is very unstable and easily degraded to prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d) [2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) propan-2-ol] by desulfurization reactions in soil, plant, and animal substrates (Figure ). , Studies have shown that approximately 60% of PTC is converted to PTC-d in soil and that the metabolites are more persistent in soil, with a half-life > 20 d. , Furthermore, it has been indicated that PTC and PTC-d in the human body can cause hepatic oxidative stress, disrupt the estrous cycle, interfere with pregnancy, and inhibit sperm production, resulting in reproductive toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactivity, Uptake, and Distribution of Prothioconazole Loaded on Fluorescent Double-Hollow Shelled Mesoporous Silica in Soybean Plants

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Prothioconazole (PTC) has been widely utilized for plant fungal disease control, but its metabolite prothioconazoledesthio (PTC-d) exhibits reproductive toxicity. In the present study, carbon quantum dot (CQD)-modified fluorescent doublehollow shelled mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FL-MSNs) loaded with PTC, referred to as PTC@FL-MSNs, were constructed with an average size of 369 nm and a loading capacity of 28.1 wt %, which could increase the antifungal efficiency of PTC. In addition, upright fluorescence microscope and UPLC-MS/MS studies showed that PTC@FL-MSNs could be effectively transported via root uptake and foliar spray in soybean plants. Compared to a 30% PTC dispersible oil suspension agent, the PTC@FL-MSN treatment group showed higher concentrations (leaves: 0.50 > 0.48 mg/kg), longer half-lives for degradation (leaves: 3.62 > 3.21 d; roots: 3.39 > 2.82 d), and fewer metabolites. These findings suggest that sustained pesticide release and toxicity reduction are potential applications for PTC nanofungicide delivery technology.

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“…However, once applied, residual pesticides are often detected in water, soils, crops, and foodstuffs. The widespread occurrence of this large group of xenobiotic chemicals in the environment may pose a potential risk to nontargeted organisms and human health, and has been raising great public concern. − Furthermore, the safety concern also focuses on the potentially hazardous transformation products (TPs), which are generated after pesticides are released into the environment. − It has been reported that some TPs are detected more frequently than their original pesticides, − and some TPs could have greater harmful effects on the ecosystems than their original pesticides because of their higher environmental mobility, persistence, and toxicity. − Thus, understanding the behavior and fate of pesticides under various environmental conditions and assessing the toxicity of relevant TPs are significant to control their environmental risk. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of the Novel Heterocyclic Insecticide Pyraquinil in Water: Kinetics, Degradation Pathways, Transformation Products Identification, and Toxicity Assessment

Jiang

Xiao

Chen

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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As new pesticides are continuously introduced into agricultural systems, it is essential to investigate their environmental behavior and toxicity effects to better evaluate their potential risks. In this study, the degradation kinetics, pathways, and aquatic toxicity of the new fused heterocyclic insecticide pyraquinil in water under different conditions were investigated for the first time. Pyraquinil was classified as an easily degradable pesticide in natural water, and hydrolyzes faster in alkaline conditions and at higher temperatures. The formation trends of the main transformation products (TPs) of pyraquinil were also quantified. Fifteen TPs were identified in water using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-HRMS) and Compound Discoverer software, which adopted suspect and nontarget screening strategies. Among them, twelve TPs were reported for the first time and 11 TPs were confirmed by synthesis of their standards. The proposed degradation pathways have demonstrated that the 4,5-dihydropyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline skeleton of pyraquinil is stable enough to retain in its TPs. ECOSAR prediction and laboratory tests showed that pyraquinil was “very toxic” or “toxic” to aquatic organisms, while the toxicities of all of the TPs are substantially lower than that of pyraquinil except for TP484, which was predicted to pose a higher toxicity. The results are important for elucidating the fate and assessing the environmental risks of pyraquinil, and provide guidance for scientific and reasonable use.

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Comparative toxicokinetics and tissue distribution of prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio in Chinese lizards (Eremias argus) and transcriptional responses of metabolic-related genes

Cited by 31 publications

References 38 publications

Temperature-Dependent Bioaccumulation, Metabolism, and Hepatotoxicity of Flufiprole in Lizards (Eremias argus)

Temperature-Dependent Bioaccumulation, Metabolism, and Hepatotoxicity of Flufiprole in Lizards (Eremias argus)

Bioactivity, Uptake, and Distribution of Prothioconazole Loaded on Fluorescent Double-Hollow Shelled Mesoporous Silica in Soybean Plants

Degradation of the Novel Heterocyclic Insecticide Pyraquinil in Water: Kinetics, Degradation Pathways, Transformation Products Identification, and Toxicity Assessment

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