Comparative thoracic anatomy of the wild type and wingless (wg1cn1) mutant of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera)

Fabian, Benjamin; Schneeberg, Katharina; Beutel, Rolf G.

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2016.10.007

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…and hornets (Vespa) (Betz et al, 2007;Metscher, 2009;Smith et al, 2016;Sombke et al, 2015;Wipfler et al, 2016). However, μ-CT is grossly underutilized in Drosophila melanogaster biology; only a handful of studies have used μ-CT (Chen et al, 2017;Fabian et al, 2016;Harrison et al, 2017;Klok et al, 2016;Mattei et al, 2015;Mizutani et al, 2008Mizutani et al, , 2013, and even fewer studies have used μ-CT alongside traditional molecular, cellular and developmental biology techniques. The ability to use μ-CT as a whole-animal phenotyping tool in this context could significantly enhance our mechanistic understanding of development, anatomy and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-computed tomography as a platform for exploring Drosophila development

Schoborg

Smith

et al. 2019

Development

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Understanding how events at the molecular and cellular scales contribute to tissue form and function is key to uncovering the mechanisms driving animal development, physiology and disease. Elucidating these mechanisms has been enhanced through the study of model organisms and the use of sophisticated genetic, biochemical and imaging tools. Here, we present an accessible method for noninvasive imaging of Drosophila melanogaster at high resolution using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT). We show how rapid processing of intact animals, at any developmental stage, provides precise quantitative assessment of tissue size and morphology, and permits analysis of inter-organ relationships. We then use µ-CT imaging to study growth defects in the Drosophila brain through the characterization of abnormal spindle (asp) and WD repeat domain 62 (Wdr62), orthologs of the two most commonly mutated genes in human microcephaly patients. Our work demonstrates the power of combining µ-CT with traditional genetic, cellular and developmental biology tools available in model organisms to address novel biological mechanisms that control animal development and disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-computed tomography as a platform for exploring Drosophila development

Schoborg

Smith

et al. 2019

Development

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“…postero-or anteromotorism). The latter is typical for true flies (Diptera), for instance (b) the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (based on Fabian et al, 2016), resulting in strongly reduced metathorax, accompanied with a distinctly reduced muscle apparatus in this segment. Colouration: muscles associated with: blue, neck and prothorax; black, mesothorax; and red, metathorax.…”

Section: Holometabolamentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of morphological simplification and innovation in the megadiverse Holometabola (Insecta)

2021

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We analyzed patterns of complexity and simplicity in holometabolan insects using parsimony and maximum-likelihood. By contrast with other groups of arthropods (and most other groups of animals), insects have undergone a stepwise process of structural simplification in their evolution. The megadiverse Holometabola are characterized mainly by structurally simplified larvae, which differ strongly from the adults in their morphology and usually also in their life habits. Although smaller groups such as Neuropterida have largely maintained their structural complexity in adults and immature life stages, a series of reductions occurred with the appearance and diversification of Coleopterida, Mecopterida and especially Antliophora. Parasitic Strepsiptera or fleas display conspicuous patterns of reduction in different life stages and body regions, and high degrees of simplification also occur in groups with short-lived adults. Larvae living in moist substrates display far-reaching structural simplifications and also morphological uniformity, especially in the species-rich Diptera, but also in other groups. Liquid feeding leads to correlated simplifications and innovation of adult head structures, especially of the mouthparts. Functional or anatomical dipterism leads to an optimization of the flight apparatus in most holometabolous groups, which is correlated with reductions in one of the pterothoracic segments, and coupled (e.g. by hamuli), partly reduced or transformed wings (e.g. halteres). In flightless groups, the pterothoracic skeleto-muscular apparatus is strongly simplified. In the abdomen of adult females a stepwise reduction of the lepismatoid ovipositor occurs. By contrast, the male genital apparatus often undergoes an extreme diversification. Our evaluations revealed a highly correlated complexity between larval and adult stages.

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“…Drosophila brain, crops and muscle tissue from flies of different age were dissected out and used for immunostaining. The dorsal longitudinal muscles 1d or 1e according to (Fabian et al, 2016) were analyzed in this study. After being dissected out, the tissues were first fixed for 4 h in 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffered saline (PBS) on ice with gently shaking.…”

Section: Immunocytochemistry and Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of high-fat diet on lifespan, metabolism, fecundity and behavioral senescence inDrosophila

Liao

Amcoff

Nässel

2020

Preprint

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Excess consumption of high-fat diet (HFD) is likely to result in obesity and increases the predisposition to associated health disorders. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an important model to study the effects of HFD on metabolism, gut function, behavior, and ageing. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of HFD on physiology and behavior of female flies. We found that HFD decreases lifespan, and also with age leads to accelerated decline of climbing ability and increased sleep fragmentation.Furthermore, long-term exposure to HFD results in elevated adipokinetic hormone (AKH) transcript levels and an increased crop with massive lipid stores. We detected no long-term effects of HFD on body mass, or levels of triacylglycerids, glycogen or glucose, although fecundity was diminished.Finally, we investigated the role of AKH and Drosophila insulin like peptides (DILPs) in regulating effects of HFD during aging. Both with normal diet (ND) and HFD, Akh mutant flies displayed increased longevity compared to control flies, both mutants and controls showed shortened lifespan on HFD compared to ND. Triple mutants of dilp2,3,5 are characterized by long lifespan on ND, but HFD drastically shortened longevity. Thus, long-term exposure to HFD impairs lifespan and fecundity and augments age-related behavioral senescence.

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Comparative thoracic anatomy of the wild type and wingless (wg1cn1) mutant of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera)

Cited by 21 publications

References 40 publications

Micro-computed tomography as a platform for exploring Drosophila development

Micro-computed tomography as a platform for exploring Drosophila development

Patterns of morphological simplification and innovation in the megadiverse Holometabola (Insecta)

Impact of high-fat diet on lifespan, metabolism, fecundity and behavioral senescence inDrosophila

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