Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV

Sheahan, Timothy P.; Sims, Amy C.; Leist, Sarah R.; Schäfer, Alexandra; Won, John J.; Brown, Ariane J.; Montgomery, Stephanie A.; Hogg, Alison; Babusis, Darius; Clarke, Michael O.; Spahn, Jamie E.; Bauer, Laura L.; Sellers, Scott; Porter, Danielle; Feng, Joy Y.; Cihlář, Tomáš; Jordan, Robert; Denison, Mark R.; Baric, Ralph S.

doi:10.1038/s41467-019-13940-6

Cited by 1,598 publications

(1,655 citation statements)

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“…32 Preclinical evidence showed the potent efficacy of remdesivir (a broad-spectrum antiviral nucleotide prodrug) to treat MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV infections. 33,34 As 2019-nCoV is an emerging virus, an effective treatment has not been developed for disease resulting from this virus. Since the combination of lopinavir and ritonavir was already available in the designated hospital, a randomised controlled trial has been initiated quickly to assess the efficacy and safety of combined use of lopinavir and ritonavir in patients hospitalised with 2019-nCoV infection.…”

Section: (39%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

Huang¹,

et al. 2020

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Background A recent cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, China, was caused by a novel betacoronavirus, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). We report the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of these patients. MethodsAll patients with suspected 2019-nCoV were admitted to a designated hospital in Wuhan. We prospectively collected and analysed data on patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection by real-time RT-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Data were obtained with standardised data collection forms shared by WHO and the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium from electronic medical records. Researchers also directly communicated with patients or their families to ascertain epidemiological and symptom data. Outcomes were also compared between patients who had been admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and those who had not. Findings By Jan 2, 2020, 41 admitted hospital patients had been identified as having laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Most of the infected patients were men (30 [73%] of 41); less than half had underlying diseases (13 [32%]), including diabetes (eight [20%]), hypertension (six [15%]), and cardiovascular disease (six [15%]). Median age was 49·0 years (IQR 41·0-58·0). 27 (66%) of 41 patients had been exposed to Huanan seafood market. One family cluster was found. Common symptoms at onset of illness were fever (40 [98%] of 41 patients), cough (31 [76%]), and myalgia or fatigue (18 [44%]); less common symptoms were sputum production (11 [28%] of 39), headache (three [8%] of 38), haemoptysis (two [5%] of 39), and diarrhoea (one [3%] of 38). Dyspnoea developed in 22 (55%) of 40 patients (median time from illness onset to dyspnoea 8·0 days [IQR 5·0-13·0]). 26 (63%) of 41 patients had lymphopenia. All 41 patients had pneumonia with abnormal findings on chest CT. Complications included acute respiratory distress syndrome (12 [29%]), RNAaemia (six [15%]), acute cardiac injury (five [12%]) and secondary infection (four [10%]). 13 (32%) patients were admitted to an ICU and six (15%) died. Compared with non-ICU patients, ICU patients had higher plasma levels of IL2, IL7, IL10, GSCF, IP10, MCP1, MIP1A, and TNFα.Interpretation The 2019-nCoV infection caused clusters of severe respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. Major gaps in our knowledge of the origin, epidemiology, duration of human transmission, and clinical spectrum of disease need fulfilment by future studies.

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Section: (39%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

Huang¹,

et al. 2020

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“…Thus, it could be another suitable option to develop spike glycoprotein targeting therapeutics against novel coronaviruses. Recently, mice models and clinical isolates were used to develop any therapeutic strategy against SARS-CoV-2 induced COVID-19 (46,47). In a similar study, artificial intelligence prediction was used to investigate the inhibitory role of the drug against SARS-CoV-2 (48).…”

Section: The Major Obstacle In Research Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a similar study, artificial intelligence prediction was used to investigate the inhibitory role of the drug against SARS-CoV-2 (48). SARS-CoV-2 infected patients were also used to conduct randomized clinical trials (46,49,50). It is now important that the scientists worldwide collaborate the design a suitable model and investigate the in vivo mechanisms associated with pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: The Major Obstacle In Research Progressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, interferons-α nebulization, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and anti-viral drugs were used to reduce the viral load (49,51,52), however, only remdesivir has shown promising impact against the virus (53). Remdesivir only and in combination with chloroquine or interferon beta significantly blocked the SARS-CoV-2 replication and patients were declared as clinically recovered (46,50,52). Various other anti-virals are currently being evaluated against infection.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Strategies Against Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19 infection: Emergence, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses

Shereen

Khan

Kazmi

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Research

3,452

2,878

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The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in Wuhan, China and spread around the world. Genomic analysis revealed that SARS-CoV-2 is phylogenetically related to severe acute respiratory syndrome-like (SARS-like) bat viruses, therefore bats could be the possible primary reservoir. The intermediate source of origin and transfer to humans is not known, however, the rapid human to human transfer has been confirmed widely. There is no clinically approved antiviral drug or vaccine available to be used against COVID-19. However, few broad-spectrum antiviral drugs have been evaluated against COVID-19 in clinical trials, resulted in clinical recovery. In the current review, we summarize and comparatively analyze the emergence and pathogenicity of COVID-19 infection and previous human coronaviruses severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We also discuss the approaches for developing effective vaccines and therapeutic combinations to cope with this viral outbreak. glycoprotein of novel coronavirus is developed from a SARS-CoV (CoVZXC21 or CoVZC45) and a yet unknown . Nonetheless, to eradicate the virus, more work is required to

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“…Existen diversos fármacos que se están testando de manera experimental 32 . 33,34 . • Remdesivir podría ser el mejor fármaco potencial para el tratamiento de COVID-19.…”

Section: Tratamiento Antiviral Específicounclassified

Recomendaciones sobre el manejo clínico de la infección por el «nuevo coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Grupo de trabajo de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (AEP)

Calvo

López‐Hortelano

Vicente

et al. 2020

Anales de Pediatría

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Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV

Cited by 1,598 publications

References 54 publications

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

COVID-19 infection: Emergence, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses

Recomendaciones sobre el manejo clínico de la infección por el «nuevo coronavirus» SARS-CoV2. Grupo de trabajo de la Asociación Española de Pediatría (AEP)

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