Comparative study regarding friction coefficient for three epoxy resins

Abstract

Abstract. Three commercial epoxy diglycidylether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) were used in this study namely Epiphen RE4020-DE 4020 (Bostik), Epoxy Resin C (R&G Gmbh Waldenbuch), and Epoxy Resin HT-2 (R&G Gmbh Waldenbuch). Epoxy resins are often used for the friction purpose but their friction resistance is quite low and it is thus necessary to enhance their friction resistance. In this paper it is shown how load, sliding velocity, and distance affect friction coefficient of epoxy resins. IntroductionThe name epoxy resins has over the years become synonymous with performance; epoxy resins have established themselves as unique building blocks for high-performance coatings, adhesives, and reinforced plastics. They are a class of thermoset materials used extensively in structural and specialty composite applications because they offer a unique combination of properties that are unattainable with other thermoset resins [1], [2].Some of their most interesting applications are found in the aerospace and recreational industries [3]. As substitutes for metal in the construction of mechanical apparatus, engineering plastics offer advantages such as adhesives, coatings, encapsulates, and molding compounds, and economy in fabrication and decorating. Replacement of metals by plastics is favored as the physical properties and operating temperature ranges of plastics improve and the cost of metals and their fabrication increases [4]. Many polymers and polymer based composites are widely used for sliding couples against metals, polymers and other materials [5].Formaldehyde-based systems are based on reacting formaldehyde with active hydrogen containing compounds such as phenol, urea, or melamine. This family of thermosets has low flammability, high rigidity, good dimensional stabilit, and low cost. Formaldehyde-based systems are heat-activated and are processed using compression or injection molding.The most common resin is based on bisphenol A and is referred to as the "diglycycidyl ether of bisphenol A" or DGEBA [4]. The materials must provide unique mechanical and tribological properties combined with a low specific weight and a high resistance to degradation in order to ensure safety and economic efficiency [6].There have been numerous investigations exploring the influence of test conditions, contact geometry and environment on the friction and wear behaviour of polymers [7], [8], [9], [10]. The main advantage of polymers, from a tribological point of view, is their reasonably low rate of wear, especially corrosion type wear [11]. In this investigation, the influence of test speed and applied force

Testing Passenger Car Brake Pad Exploitation Time’s Impact on the Values of the Coefficient of Friction and Abrasive Wear Rate Using a Pin-on-Disc Method

“…Therefore, a compromise is needed between the abrasive wear rate and the generated friction force. Currently, manufacturers, due to better vehicle performance, increase COF at the expense of wear rate [ 54 ].…”

Fabrication and tribological behavior of MnO2/epoxy nanocomposites

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Mihu et al found that the coefficient of friction of epoxy samples was increased with the sliding speed and applied force. The minimum coefficient of friction was obtained at the lower value of sliding speed and an optimum normal load of 5 N. 21 Kurahatti investigated the tribological behavior of nickel/ epoxy nanocomposites. 22 The results indicated that the coefficient of friction and the specific wear rate of epoxy were decreased with the addition of a 0.5 weight percent (wt.…”

Effect of dry sliding wear parameters on the specific wear rate of α-MnO2-epoxy nanocomposites

“…This causes the epoxy matrix to detach from the hard α-MnO 2 particles, thus increasing the specific wear rate at a higher applied normal load and sliding velocity. 29,74 Because of the presence of a higher percentage of hard α-MnO 2 particles, which prevents close contact between the contacting surfaces, the nanocomposite sample containing 0.5 wt.% loading of α-MnO 2 in the epoxy matrix exhibits higher wear resistance compared to the other samples at different parameter combinations. 75 The presence of hard α-MnO 2 nanopowder, uniform distribution of α-MnO 2 in the epoxy matrix, increase in glass transition temperature, and strong interfacial interaction between α-MnO 2 and the epoxy matrix may help in lowering the specific wear rate of nanocomposites compared to epoxy.…”

“…Mihu et al illustrated the effect of sliding speed and applied force on the friction characteristics of different types of epoxy resin. 29 They demonstrated a decrease in the value of friction coefficient at a slower sliding speed and an optimum normal load of 5 N. Many researchers noted that 0.5 wt.% loading of nano-reinforcement in the epoxy was the optimum loading condition to improve its performance. [30][31][32] Uniform dispersion of reinforcement and well-bonded interfacial adhesion between reinforcement and matrix materials were critical for improving the nanocomposites' thermal and tribological properties.…”