Comparative study on prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on three criteria among adults in Zhejiang province, China: an observational study

Abstract

ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adults, describe the disease components and compare utility of the existing international criteria and Chinese diagnostic criteria.Design, setting and participantsA retrospective database analysis was conducted for one hospital in Zhejiang province, China. We analysed data (collected in 2017) from a total of 64 902 participants (37 500 males and 27 402 females), aged between 18 and 97 years, and who met the eligibility criteria.Main outcome measuresWe employed three criteria for MetS proposed by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2005, the 2009 Joint Scientific Statement (harmonising criteria) and the China Diabetes Society (CDS) in 2013 to detect prevalence of MetS. Specifically, we analysed waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, plasma triglycerides and plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ResultsWe found an estimated age-adjusted MetS prevalence of 20.4% using IDF 2005, 30.0% based on harmonising criteria 2009 and 16.3% under the CDS 2013. This prevalence was higher in males, older adults and increased body mass index. Analysis of agreements among the criteria were 87.2% (IDF and CDS), 87.1% (IDF and harmonising criteria) and 81.6% (CDS and harmonising criteria), while their kappa coefficients were 0.641, 0.708 and 0.572 for IDF versus CDS, IDF versus harmonising criteria and CDS versus harmonising criteria, respectively. The most prevalent MetS component was abdominal obesity (50.1%), followed by dyslipidaemia (49.5%) and hypertension (46.8%) using harmonising criteria.ConclusionThese findings revealed moderate agreement among the three criteria with utility in Chinese clinical settings. The harmonising criteria 2009 performed better in early identification of MetS in the Chinese population.

<p>Prevalence and Correlation of Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study of Nearly 10 Million Multi-Ethnic Chinese Adults</p>

“…10 The latest national meta-analysis in 2016 estimated the prevalence of MetS in China as 24.5%, 11 but multi-ethnic population here aged ≥20 years showed a lower prevalence of MetS (15.9%) in the study. 12 As to mono-population, 30.0% prevalence of MetS was observed in Han ethnic group aged ≥18 years in Zhejiang province, China, 13 and a study in the Han group in northeast China reported an overall prevalence of MetS as 41.3%. 14 It is clear that the prevalence of MetS in the mono-population higher than that in the multiethnic population and the Chinese Han group is much higher than in other ethnic minorities in China.…”

High prevalence of metabolic syndrome among overweight adults in Vietnam based on different criteria: Results from a community-based study

“…However, the impact of different definitions of MetS remains diverse. Other definitions are also used to identify individuals with MetS, such as the Iranian definition 7 Chinese Diabetes Society 2013, 8 and the modified World Health Organization (WHO). 9 The JIS (2009) criteria are very similar to those in modified NCEP-ATP III (2005) but it is different with the IDF (2005) in terms of central obesity that needs to be the first and most important criteria of the MetS.…”

<p>Understanding and Measuring Adaptation Level Among Community-Dwelling Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Survey</p>

“…1 Epidemiological studies have reported a high prevalence of MetS worldwide. [2][3][4] This is particularly so for patients with T2DM and hypertension. 4,5 Given the poor prognosis and high all-cause mortality rate of CVD, early assessment of cardiometabolic risks and treatment is important.…”

“…[2][3][4] This is particularly so for patients with T2DM and hypertension. 4,5 Given the poor prognosis and high all-cause mortality rate of CVD, early assessment of cardiometabolic risks and treatment is important. 1,4 Identification of MetS is essential for healthcare professionals and patients to address the underlying lifestyle-related risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol abuse.…”

“…4,5 Given the poor prognosis and high all-cause mortality rate of CVD, early assessment of cardiometabolic risks and treatment is important. 1,4 Identification of MetS is essential for healthcare professionals and patients to address the underlying lifestyle-related risk factors such as sedentary lifestyle, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol abuse. 1,6 The impact of chronic illness on individual ability to adapt to daily life is determined by several aspects including physical, psychological, and social health status.…”