Comparative study on mineralization‐related intraoral parameters in periodontitis‐affected and periodontitis‐free adults

Abstract

– The parameters related to an intraoral mineralization tendency in periodontitis‐affected (P+) and periodontitis‐free (P‐) study subjects (16 adults, 46–74 yr, matched for sex and age) were compared. For this purpose the calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) concentration of both plaque and saliva, resting pH and the acidogenic response of interdental plaque, plaque wet weight, salivary flow rate, buffering capacity and sucrase activity, interdental and salivary S. mutans levels as well as salivary lactobacilli and yeast levels were estimated. Plaque Ca (μg/mg protein, P<0.025) and P (μg/mg protein, P<0.05), saliva Ca (μg/ml, P<0.005) and the saliva Ca:P ratio (P<0.005) were higher in the P+ than in the P‐ group. The resting pH values were higher (P<0.025) and the acidogenic response of the interdental plaque was lower (P<0.025) in the P+ group than in the P‐ group. The P+ group had lower S. mutans levels in saliva and interdental plaque. No differences were found in the wet weight of plaque and in the flow rate, buffering capacity or sucrase activity of saliva between the groups. The findings of the mineralization‐related parameters in the two “extreme” groups of periodontal status suggest a higher intraoral mineralization tendency in periodontitis‐affected persons than in periodontitis‐free subjects. Ca and P accumulation of supragingival plaque seem to be connected with low acidogenicity of plaque and high salivary Ca concentration.

Correlation Between Salivary Calcium Level and Periodontal Disease. A Case Control Study.

“…While a study conducted by Endre kiss reported no change in flow rate with age and showed that flow rate did not correlated with calcium concentration; no such criteria were not evaluated in the present study. (29) Salivary ph reported no statistically significant difference; these results were in accordance with study of Sudhir Shetty et al (7) Salivary Ph has a crucial role in homeostasis of calcium in saliva ; ph increase favour calcium deposition as sub gingival band of calculus and decrease in ph favours dissolution of calcium from hydroxyappetite crystals of enamel leading to dental decay. Results of present study give evidence that individuals with increased salivary parameters ; i.e.…”

“…These findings are in accordance with the works of Khalill et al , Sewon La et al and Endre Kiss. (5,28,29) Present study also proposed a linear increase in salivary calcium level with increase in severity of periodontal disease. As the gingival inflammation extended deeper to involve connective tissues and alveolar bone a significant liner increase in salivary calcium was found.…”

“…(27,29) They all have higher means of salivary calcium level when compared to age-matched counterparts. It is found that hormone replacement therapy, which has a stabilizing effect on calcium content of bone, has a similar effect on salivary calcium.…”

“…Endre kiss in his study concluded that salivary calcium and phosphate concentration increase with age showing peak values around menopause. (29) Salivary calcium seems to increase with age may be explained by the hypothesis which states that a decrease in skeletal bone density, seen often in elderly people, may increase the amount of calcium in saliva. However, this phenomenon is not completely clear and needs further studies.…”

Long-term physical inactivity and oral health in Finnish adults with intellectual disability

“…Moreover, the finding that walking patients had fewer secondary diagnoses and used fewer daily medications than those with poor mobility supports the view that in spite of the probably drug-related reduction in salivary flow (22), some other factors counteracted with the multitude of caries-inducing factors present in the oral cavity of physically inactive patients. One such factor could be a high level of salivary calcium, which has earlier been connected with low caries activity (23)(24)(25). Patients prone to osteoporosis seem to have higher levels of salivary calcium than their healthy controls (26)(27)(28).…”