Comparative Study on Mechanical Property and Fracture Behavior of Age-Hardened LM4 Monolithic Composites Reinforced with TiB2 and Si3N4

Srinivas, D.; Sharma, Sathyashankara; Chennegowda, Gowrishankar Mandya; Shettar, Manjunath; Hegde, Ananda

doi:10.3390/ma16113965

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 38 publications

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“…The major reason for the sharp increase in VHN and UTS values of heat-treated samples compared to as-cast samples is the formation of intermetallic phases like copper aluminide (Al 2 Cu), and Q-phase [40]. The presence and influence of these phases on the mechanical properties of LM4 and its composites are discussed in our previous studies with the help of SEM, XRD, and TEM analysis [23,24].…”

Section: Hardness and Ultimate Tensile Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of age-hardening behaviour of LM4 and its composites using artificial neural networks

Gowrishankar,

Doddapaneni,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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This research work highlights the prediction of hardness behaviour of age-hardened LM4 and its composites fabricated using a two-stage stir casting method with TiB2 and Si3N4. MATLAB - Artificial Neural Networks is used to predict the age-hardening behaviour of LM4 and its composites. Experiments (hardness and tensile tests) are conducted to collect data for training an ANN model as well as to investigate the effect of reinforcements and age-hardening treatment on LM4 and its composites. The results show that with an increment in the reinforcement wt.%, there is an enhancement in hardness and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) values within the monolithic composites. As-cast hybrid composites display a 37 to 54% improvement in hardness compared to as-cast LM4. Heat-treated samples, specifically those treated with peak aging with MSHT and 100°C aging, perform better than as-cast samples and other heat-treated samples in terms of UTS and hardness. Compared to as-cast LM4, MSHT, and 100°C aged samples display an 85 to 202% increment in VHN. Hybrid composites perform better in terms of hardness, while composites with 3 wt.% of TiB2 (L3TB) perform better in terms of UTS, peak aged (MSHT and 100°C aging) L3TB display 68% increment in UTS when compared to as-cast LM4. ANN model is developed and trained with five inputs (wt.% of TiB2, wt.% of Si3N4, type of solutionizing, aging temperature, and aging time) and one output (VHN) using different algorithms and a different number of hidden neurons to predict the age hardening behaviour of composites. Among them, Lavenberg-Marquardt (LM) training algorithm with normalized data and 30 hidden neurons performs well and shows a least average error of 1.588364. The confirmation test confirms that the trained ANN model can predict the output with an average %error of 0.14 using unseen data.

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Section: Hardness and Ultimate Tensile Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of age-hardening behaviour of LM4 and its composites using artificial neural networks

Gowrishankar,

Doddapaneni,

Sharma

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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Effect of copper addition on mechanical properties and microstructures of LM25 cast alloys

Surani,

Galindo,

Patel

et al. 2024

AIP Advances

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The use of aluminum alloys in automobiles is expanding, and the potential for additional increases is significant. Further growth will be determined by improvements in material qualities for existing applications or the discovery of new applications. Alloy A-356 (LM25) is commonly employed for high-quality alloy wheel rims in various motor vehicles, constituting 40% of global car usage. This study introduces 0.2% Cu into the Al–Si–Mg alloy system to enhance the mechanical properties. The alloy blend is cast into a metal mold, subjected to a 4-h cure at 540 °C, quenched with water, and precipitation hardened for 12 h at 1800 °C. Optical and scanning electron microscopes are utilized to analyze the alkali microstructure. The mechanical properties of alloyed and unalloyed castings, including hardness and tensile test results, are examined in untreated and heat-treated states. Fracture surfaces of tensile specimens are scrutinized. Intermetallic compounds formed during solidification are studied using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction analysis. The tensile strength under unalloyed (LM25) and alloyed (LM25 + 0.2 wt. % Cu) conditions before and after heat treatment [(72, 165.4 and 88.3, 237.1) and (78, 179.6 and 98, 252.9, respectively)] shows a significant increase.

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Comparative Study on Mechanical Property and Fracture Behavior of Age-Hardened LM4 Monolithic Composites Reinforced with TiB2 and Si3N4

Cited by 2 publications

References 38 publications

Prediction of age-hardening behaviour of LM4 and its composites using artificial neural networks

Prediction of age-hardening behaviour of LM4 and its composites using artificial neural networks

Effect of copper addition on mechanical properties and microstructures of LM25 cast alloys

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