Comparative study on formations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds in a fluidized bed solid waste incinerator using long term used sand and fresh sand

Akimoto, Yoshio; Nito, Shin'ichi; Inouye, Yoshio

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00007-6

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In addition, the abundance of low-chlorinated benzenes, especially in fly ash generated from municipal waste incineration was also reported in previous studies (Fujimori et al 2010(Fujimori et al , 2014. In geographical point of view, most of the studies on the emission of U-POPs including CBzs from industry have been conducted in China (Liu et al 2009(Liu et al , 2013Nie et al 2011Nie et al , 2012Zhang et al 2011), Taiwan (Chen et al 2007), and Japan (Akimoto et al 1997;Murakami et al 2008;Fujimori et al 2010Fujimori et al , 2014. However, very little information on the CBz emission from industries in Asian developing countries such as Vietnam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Levels, profiles, and emission characteristics of chlorobenzenes in ash samples from some industrial thermal facilities in northern Vietnam

Nguyen

Tung

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Chlorobenzenes (CBzs) are unintentionally produced organic contaminants from different thermal industrial processes, which have been scarcely surveyed in Asian developing countries including Vietnam. In this study, residue concentrations, profiles, emission factors, and annual emissions of seven chlorobenzene compounds were investigated in fly ash and bottom ash samples of some industrial facilities including brick making plant, steel and zinc production plants, and industrial and municipal waste incinerators in northern Vietnam. Total concentrations of seven CBzs in the ash samples were generally decreased in the order: industrial waste incinerator > municipal waste incinerator > steel-making plant > brick making plant. Emission pattern of CBzs varied considerably among different industrial plants, with 1,2-and 1,3-dichloro-, 1,2,3,4-tetrachloro-, and hexachlorobenzene as predominant compounds in the industrial waste incinerators and steel-making plants. Emission factors of CBzs estimated for the fly ash and bottom ash samples were in the range of 118-2020 and 5.3-22,600 μg ton −1 , respectively. Average annual emissions (AEs) of total seven CBzs estimated for fly ash and bottom ash in the investigated plants were in the range of 154-54,300 and 20,160-161,400 mg year −1 , respectively. The AEs of CBzs estimated for fly ash in the steel-making plant were higher than those in the waste incinerators. Meanwhile, CBz emissions for bottom ash were the highest in the steel-making plant, followed by the industrial and municipal waste incinerators. This is among the first studies on the emission characteristics of both low and highly chlorinated benzenes from industrial activities in Vietnam.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Levels, profiles, and emission characteristics of chlorobenzenes in ash samples from some industrial thermal facilities in northern Vietnam

Nguyen

Tung

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Many good studies have been performed on the types and amounts of these PICs in coal combustion − and in waste incineration plants. − Much is currently known about the influence of operating variables on emissions from combustors and/or incinerators. This field is so broad that this paper is devoted only to the incineration of residues and wastes containing chlorine, such as municipal solid waste (MSW) or refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and some sludges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing Total Oxidation Catalysts for Gas Cleanup in Waste Incineration at Pilot Scale

Corella

Toledo

2002

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Seven different total oxidation catalysts (PRO*CLEAN*500; EF 258 H/D; Siemens A; ZERONOX; and Ru, Pd, and V2O5 on a TiO2 support) have been tested for abatement of principal organic hazardous compounds (POHCs) in the flue gas from a waste incinerator of the fluidized-bed type. These catalysts were placed in a slip flow downstream from the waste incinerator. The catalytic reactors used were both metallic and glass, made for monoliths and for particulates. The temperatures used in the catalytic reactors ranged from 240 to 510 °C, and the volumetric gas hourly space velocities (GHSVs) ranged from 1200 to 5700 [(mgas,normal conditions 3/h)/mcatalyst 3]. The catalysts operated under a realistic flue gas, which was sampled before and after the catalytic reactor at different times on stream. Condensates after the catalytic reactor were also analyzed for organics and for compounds sometimes lost from the catalyst. Gas sampling and analysis were carried out using standarized methods. Conversions (destructions) of most of the POHCs were 99.99%, but small GHSV values were required. Experimental conditions for an even more refined catalyst comparison are also provided.

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“…Various research has been carried out to uncover the formation mechanism of PCDD/F. They include measurement experiences in actual incineration systems (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16) and lab-scale apparatus (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36) and several theoretical studies (20,37,38). Various design and operation parameters that influence the emission of PCDD/F have been identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Temperature in an incineration chamber is recommended to be high enough to destroy unburned hydrocarbons (39). Meanwhile, the temperature range of 250-450 °C in off-gas treatment systems such as electrostatic precipitator (ESP) or waste heat recovery boiler is adequate for the formation of PCDD/F (2,5,(10)(11)(12)(13). Metals in dust and particulates can catalyze the formation reaction of PCDD/F (19,22,27,(34)(35)(36), and the dust concentration in the flue gas has a close relationship with the PCDD/F emission (14,40).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin/Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

Shin

Choi

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This paper summarizes an engineering approach taken for 10 commercial MSW incinerators to formulate a basis for PCDD/F emission reduction schemes and to interpret the measurement results before and after the plant modifications of moderate scale. Control strategy of PCDD/F emission from the operating incinerators can be established on the basis of the interpretation of reliable measurements as well as understanding of the formation/destruction processes. The fate of PCDD/F is known to be influenced by the flue gas subprocesses: the initial formation/ oxidation in the combustion chamber, reformation through synthesis, removal by adsorption, and catalytic destruction. A simplified model is proposed for PCDD/F level at various stages of the flue gas, basically integrating the reaction kinetic rates at the corresponding state. Since the kinetic rate is dependent on temperature, time-temperature history of the flue gas is considered as the important input data. Using the plant design and operating conditions, this global prediction model calculates the PCDD/F level not only at the stack but also at the process midstream. The model predictions are discussed along with measurement results from the different design of incinerator plants.

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Comparative study on formations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and related compounds in a fluidized bed solid waste incinerator using long term used sand and fresh sand

Cited by 18 publications

References 8 publications

Levels, profiles, and emission characteristics of chlorobenzenes in ash samples from some industrial thermal facilities in northern Vietnam

Levels, profiles, and emission characteristics of chlorobenzenes in ash samples from some industrial thermal facilities in northern Vietnam

Testing Total Oxidation Catalysts for Gas Cleanup in Waste Incineration at Pilot Scale

Evaluation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxin/Dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) Emission in Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

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