Comparative Study on Different Modified Preparation Methods of Cellulose Nanocrystalline

Abstract

Different modification process routes are used to improve the modified cellulose nanocrystalline (MCNC) with higher fatty acid by esterification reaction and graft polymerization to obtain certain hydrophobic properties. Two preparation methods, product structure and surface activity, are compared and explored. Experimental results show that the modified product is still at the nanometer level and basically retains the crystal structure of the raw cellulose nanocrystalline (CNC). The energy consumption of the two preparation methods is low; however, the esterification method with co-reactant requires short reaction time, and the degree of substitution of the product is high. The modified product prepared by grafting polymerization method has a high HLB value and amphiphilicity, which can effectively reduce the surface tension of water. Therefore, it can be used as a green and environmentally friendly surface-active substance.

Optimization of nanofiber‐caproate/laurate esters synthesis, their characterization, and usage as emulsifier in o/w emulsion

“…The peak between 2Ɵ = 18–20 is accepted as an indicator of esterification of fatty acids, modification of cellulose and increase of amorphous phase (Freire et al, 2006; Guo et al, 2012; Kanwar et al, 2021; Onwukamike et al, 2018). Similar to the literature, the peak position remained approximately the same with the fatty acid and substitution degree change in our samples, but the size of this peak increased as the substitution degree increased (Wang et al, 2021). Similar results were observed in other products (in nanofiber‐fatty acid esters with corncob and wheat bran).…”

Surface modification of cellulose by glutaric and succinic anhydride using solvent-free grafting process: A comparative study of surface functionalization

“…Esteri cation is a common chemical reaction that involves hydroxyl groups of cellulose and organic acid moieties such as carboxylic acid groups to form ester groups. Treatment of cellulose with acyl halides or anhydrides is a well-known reaction to generate the ester group on cellulose (Wang et al 2021). Introducing carboxyl groups by oxidation or grafting on cellulose increases surface charge.…”