Comparative Study on Constitutive Models for 21-4N Heat Resistant Steel During High Temperature Deformation

Li, Yiming; Ji, Hongchao; Cai, Zhongman; Tang, Xuefeng; Li, Yaogang; Liu, Jinping

doi:10.20944/preprints201905.0249.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…For describing the hot deformation behavior, Wang found the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type model had the highest accuracy when compared to Johnson–Cook model, modified Johnson–Cook model, Zerilli–Armstrong model, modified Zerilli–Armstrong model and KHL model [ 8 ]. A similar result was obtained by developing constitutive models of 21–4 N heat resistant steel [ 9 ]. Moreover, the strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation is most widely applied to describe the high-temperature flow behavior of metals and alloys [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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Isothermal hot compression tests of TC4–DT titanium alloy were performed under temperatures of 1203–1293 K and strain rates of 0.001–10 s−1. The purpose of this study is to develop a new high-precision modified constitutive model that can describe the deformation behavior of TC4–DT titanium alloy. Both the modified strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation were established by revising the strain rate. The parameters in the above two modified constitutive equation were solved by combining regression analysis with iterative methods, which was used instead on the traditional linear regression methods. In addition, both the original strain-compensated Arrhenius-type equation and Hensel–Spittel equation were established to compare with the new modified constitutive equations. A comparison of the predicted values based on the four constitutive equations was performed via relative error, average absolute relative error (AARE) and the correlation coefficient (R). These results show the modified Arrhenius-type equation and the modified Hensel–Spittel equation is more accurate and efficient with a similar prediction accuracy. The AARE-value of the two modified constitutive equation is relatively low under various strain rates and their fluctuation is small as the strain rate changes.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

Wang

et al. 2020

Materials

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Characterization of Microstructure and High Temperature Compressive Strength of Austenitic Stainless Steel (21-4N) through Powder Metallurgy Route

et al. 2022

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Exposure of the engine valve to high temperatures led to the degradation of the valve material due to microstructural instability and deteriorating mechanical properties. Performance enhancement and alteration in microstructures can be attained through the powder metallurgy route which is a viable method to produce near net shape components. In this current study, the development of austenitic stainless steel (21-4N) through the powder metallurgy route as an alternate material for engine valves was investigated. Mechanical alloying was carried out for the pre-alloyed mixtures and consolidated using vacuum hot pressing. Sintering parameters were fixed at 1200 °C, 50 MPa and at a vacuum level of 10-3 Torr. A scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the morphology of the milled powders. Densities for the hot pressed powders were compared with theoretical densities and found to be around 98–99%. Observations regarding grain size, the presence of austenitic grain, heterogeneous distribution of metal carbides and analysis of chemical composition along the metal matrix were determined using both optical and electron microscopes. X-ray diffraction was carried out for both the consolidated and powder samples. The hot pressed samples exhibited a hardness value of 410 ± 10 Hv. An isothermal compression test for the sintered samples was carried out at a temperature of 650 °C and strain rate of 0.001 s−1. It is showed that the compressive strength of 1380 MPa. An analysis between the room temperature yield strength obtained from hardness measurement and the strengthening mechanism based on the microstructure was conducted. Grain size, dislocation and solid solution are the major strengthening mechanisms which strengthen the material. Overall, the development of valve steel material through the powder metallurgy route exhibited improved metallurgical and mechanical properties in comparison to the corresponding cast product.

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Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of a TC4 Titanium Alloy Sheet

Zhao

Zhong³

et al. 2022

Materials

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TC4 titanium alloy has excellent comprehensive properties. Due to its light weight, high specific strength, and good corrosion resistance, it is widely used in aerospace, military defense, and other fields. Given that titanium alloy components are often fractured by impact loads during service, studying the fracture behavior and damage mechanism of TC4 titanium alloy is of great significance. In this study, the Johnson–Cook failure model parameters of TC4 titanium alloy were obtained via tensile tests at room temperature. The mechanical behavior of TC4 titanium alloy during the tensile process was determined by simulating the sheet tensile process with the finite element software ABAQUS. The macroscopic and microscopic morphologies of tensile fracture were analyzed to study the deformation mechanism of the TC4 titanium alloy sheet. The results provide a theoretical basis for predicting the fracture behavior of TC4 titanium alloy under tensile stress.

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Comparative Study on Constitutive Models for 21-4N Heat Resistant Steel During High Temperature Deformation

Cited by 4 publications

References 56 publications

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

Constitutive Equations for Describing the Hot Compressed Behavior of TC4–DT Titanium Alloy

Characterization of Microstructure and High Temperature Compressive Strength of Austenitic Stainless Steel (21-4N) through Powder Metallurgy Route

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of a TC4 Titanium Alloy Sheet

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