Comparative Study of Various Formulations of Evaporations from Bare Soil Using In Situ Data

Mahfouf, J.‐F.; Noilhan, J.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1991)030<1354:csovfo>2.0.co;2

Cited by 296 publications

(166 citation statements)

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“…The various aerodynamic resistances are computed according to Choudhury and Monteith (1988), Shuttleworth and Wallace (1985) and Shuttleworth and Gurney (1990), while the stomatal resistance is modelled according to Braud et al (1995) for all environmental control factors except water stress, which is replaced by a transpiration efficiency β v , and the moisture-limited evaporation which is governed by an evaporation efficiency β s (Mahfouf and Noilhan, 1991). Definitions of β s and β v are given just below.…”

Section: Sparse System Of Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SPARSE model for the prediction of water stress and evapotranspiration components from thermal infra-red data and its evaluation over irrigated and rainfed wheat

Boulet

Mougenot

Lhomme

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.Evapotranspiration is an important component of the water cycle, especially in semi-arid lands. A way to quantify the spatial distribution of evapotranspiration and water stress from remote-sensing data is to exploit the available surface temperature as a signature of the surface energy balance. Remotely sensed energy balance models enable one to estimate stress levels and, in turn, the water status of continental surfaces. Dual-source models are particularly useful since they allow derivation of a rough estimate of the water stress of the vegetation instead of that of a soil-vegetation composite. They either assume that the soil and the vegetation interact almost independently with the atmosphere (patch approach corresponding to a parallel resistance scheme) or are tightly coupled (layer approach corresponding to a series resistance scheme). The water status of both sources is solved simultaneously from a single surface temperature observation based on a realistic underlying assumption which states that, in most cases, the vegetation is unstressed, and that if the vegetation is stressed, evaporation is negligible. In the latter case, if the vegetation stress is not properly accounted for, the resulting evaporation will decrease to unrealistic levels (negative fluxes) in order to maintain the same total surface temperature. This work assesses the retrieval performances of total and component evapotranspiration as well as surface and plant water stress levels by (1) proposing a new dual-source model named Soil Plant Atmosphere and Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration (SPARSE) in two versions (parallel and series resistance networks) based on the TSEB (Two-Source Energy Balance model, Norman et al., 1995) model rationale as well as state-of-the-art formulations of turbulent and radiative exchange, (2) challenging the limits of the underlying hypothesis for those two versions through a synthetic retrieval test and (3) testing the water stress retrievals (vegetation water stress and moisture-limited soil evaporation) against in situ data over contrasted test sites (irrigated and rainfed wheat). We demonstrated with those two data sets that the SPARSE series model is more robust to component stress retrieval for this cover type, that its performance increases by using bounding relationships based on potential conditions (root mean square error lowered by up to 11 W m −2 from values of the order of 50-80 W m −2 ), and that soil evaporation retrieval is generally consistent with an independent estimate from observed soil moisture evolution.

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Section: Sparse System Of Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SPARSE model for the prediction of water stress and evapotranspiration components from thermal infra-red data and its evaluation over irrigated and rainfed wheat

Boulet

Mougenot

Lhomme

et al. 2015

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Empirical correction factors were introduced to compensate for the difference between total suction at the evaporation front and the total suction at the ground surface. Kondo et al, (1990), Mahfouf and Noilhan (1991) and Lee and Pielke (1992), on the other hand, proposed an equation that adjusted the vapour pressure (or relative humidity) at the soil surface. This equation introduced the concept of "surface resistance" to the transport of water vapour from the soil pores (i.e., the evaporation front) to the soil-atmosphere interface.…”

Section: Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first category, total suction is adjusted based on the drying SWCC, and the thermodynamic relationship between the liquid and water vapour phases (Wilson, 1990;Alvenas and Jansson, 1997;Bittelli et al, 2008;Fredlund et al, 2011;and Dunmola, 2012). In the second category, relative humidity (or vapour pressure) is empirically determined based on parameterization of the surface specific humidity (Kondo et al, 1990;Mahfouf and Noilhan, 1991;and Lee and Pielke, 1992). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements to the calculation of actual evaporation from bare soil surfaces

Tran¹,

Fredlund

Chan

2016

Can. Geotech. J.

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Evaporation of water from a saturated soil surface with ample free water is known as potential evaporation, PE, and the associated physical processes are quite well understood. However, evaporation of water from an unsaturated soil surface is known as actual evaporation, AE, and the associated physical processes are more complex and less understood. The calculation of actual evaporation is important for many geotechnical engineering applications. Soil suction and the corresponding water content at which the AE rate begins to depart from the PE rate during a drying process are re-assessed using a series of laboratory tests (i.e., thin soil section drying tests and soil column drying tests).Laboratory results show that the suction at which the actual rate of evaporation begins to depart from PE rate for soil columns (or thick soil layers) may be different than for thin soil layers. The suction at the "evaporation-rate reduction point", (ERRP) appears to be approximately 3,000 kPa for thin soil layers, but is between the air-entry value and residual soil suction for thick soil layers or soil columns. The analyses presented in this paper have resulted in the development of a methodology for the estimation of the suction corresponding to the ERRP in soil columns. Equations are also proposed to calculate the

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“…Further study is needed to investigate the reliability and sensitivity of the equitensiometers used in the range of suction involved. Note also that many authors have reported that climatic changes seem to affect the surface soil only (Camillo and Gurney 1986, Kondo et al 1990, Mahfouf and Noilhan 1991, Chanzy and Bruckler 1993. Unfortunately, because no sensors were installed above layer 14 (34 cm depth), it is not possible to know the volumetric water content and pore pressure changes in the near surface zone, even though it is believed to be more significant.…”

Section: Volumetric Water Content Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the water content and temperature changes in an experimental embankment using meteorological data

Cui¹,

Gao²,

Ferber³

2010

Engineering Geology

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Abstract：：：：An experimental embankment was constructed in Rouen, France. The construction was completed in December 2004. The first objective of this experiment is to investigate the influence of climatic changes on the soil response such as changes in water content and temperature as well as the induced vertical and horizontal displacements; and the second objective is to investigate the soil response under water flooding from the base of embankment. In this study, the changes in temperature, volumetric water content and suction along the central axis have been analysed using a one-dimensional model and based on the meteorological data obtained in the field.Comparisons made between the measurements and simulations have shown the relevance of the method adopted, provided that suitable boundary conditions and soil parameters are taken into consideration. Moreover, both the simulation and field monitoring showed that climatic effects are limited to a shallow depth, which results from the low permeability of the compacted fill.

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Comparative Study of Various Formulations of Evaporations from Bare Soil Using In Situ Data

Cited by 296 publications

References 0 publications

The SPARSE model for the prediction of water stress and evapotranspiration components from thermal infra-red data and its evaluation over irrigated and rainfed wheat

The SPARSE model for the prediction of water stress and evapotranspiration components from thermal infra-red data and its evaluation over irrigated and rainfed wheat

Improvements to the calculation of actual evaporation from bare soil surfaces

Simulating the water content and temperature changes in an experimental embankment using meteorological data

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