Comparative study of the effects of MCPA, butylate, atrazine, and cyanazine on Selenastrum capricornutum

Optimization of a Microplate-Based Assay to Assess Esterase Activity in the Alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

“…FDA has been used as a technique for determining the viability of algal cells by flow cytometry (Gala and Giesy 1994;Caux et al 1996;Faber et al 1997;Franklin et al 2001;Lage et al 2001;Peperzak and Brussaard 2011) or by fluorescence microscopy (Labra et al 2007;Nancharaiah et al 2007). Another approach for the use of FDA consists in the measurement of esterase activity.…”

Effects of the Herbicide Molinate on Mixotrophic Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, and Protein Content ofAnabaena sphaericaunder Different Light Conditions

“…Soil algae, particularly nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, are important photosynthetic microorganisms because they contribute to soil fertility by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen (Watanabe, 1962) and are also quite sensitive to herbicides because they share characteristics with higher plants (ElSheekh et al, 1994). Many reports available indicate interaction between soil algae and herbicides, including effects of herbicides on algal growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, biochemical composition, and metabolic activities (Bhunia et al, 1991;Singh and Tiwari, 1988;El-Sheekh et al, 1994;Mishra and Pandey, 1989;Caux et al, 1996;Mattoo et al, 1984), as well as degradation and removal of herbicides by algae (Stratton, 1984). These studies, however, were conducted under standard phytotoxicity test conditions involving only the results of photoautotrophic growth of algae.…”

Influence of bispyribac sodium on nitrogenase activity and growth of cyanobacteria isolated from paddy fields

“…The main characteristic of cell death or decrease of cell viability, whether from senescence, acute stress, or aging, seems to be the loss of the ability of cells to maintain homeostasis (Gahan, 1984). Most reports have demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of herbicide became greater with an increase in herbicide concentration and suggested that the reduction in the dry matter of algae may be due to a decrease in algal photosynthesis caused by the inhibition of synthesis of chlorophyll, which is the most important pigment in algal cells for collecting solar energy for photosynthesis (Caux et al, 1996;Prosperi et al, 1993).…”

“…However, bispyribac-sodium inhibits the synthesis of key aminoacids causing susceptible plants to stop growing and die within about two to three weeks (Slade et al, 2006). Many reports available indicate interaction between cyanobacteria and herbicides, including effects of herbicides on algal growth, photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, biochemical composition and metabolic activities as well as degradation and removal of herbicides by algae and cyanobacteria (Lundqvist, 1970;Ibrahim, 1972;Singh, 1974;Dasilva et al, 1975;Tiwari et al, 1981;Maule and Wright, 1983;Stratton, 1984;Mattoo et al, 1984;El-Sawy et al, 1984;Singh et al, 1986;Goyal, 1986;Tandon and Lal, 1988;Singh and Tiwari, 1988;Mishra and Pandey, 1989a;Bhuniaa et al, 1991;Leganés and Fernández-Valiente, 1992;El Sheekh et al, 1994;Caux et al, 1996;Jeong-Dong and Choul-Gyun, 2006;).…”