Comparative study of the effects of peptidoglycan monomer and structurally related adamantyltripeptides on humoral immune response to ovalbumin in the mouse

Multimeric bivalent immunogens from recombinant tetanus toxin HC fragment, synthetic hexasaccharides, and a glycopeptide adjuvant

“…The product of our endeavor, conjugate D, is such a construct as it has the terminal determinant of the O-PS of Vibrio cholerae O:1, serotype Ogawa and a synthetic [30,31] peptidoglycan (PG) fragment attached to a common carrier. Peptidoglycans and fragments thereof are known for their immunomodulating properties [31,32]. Intercellular receptors (Nod1 and Nod2), which activate the immune system, were recently found as receptors of PG [33].…”

Comparative study of structurally related peptidoglycan monomer and muramyl dipeptide on humoral IgG immune response to ovalbumin in mouse

“…PGM is an adjuvant active compound that by its origin, chemical structure, physicochemical properties and proposed mechanism of action should belong to the group of adjuvants to which MDP and its derivatives belong, although it is not obtained by MDP's chemical derivatisation. Immunostimulating properties of PGM have been well documented in several studies [16][17][18][19]. Since MDP's structure represents a portion of integral PGM's molecule, we found it reasonable to compare the effects of PGM to the effects of MDP.…”

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Mannose Derived Immunomodulating Adamantyltripeptides

“…PGM was established as a reference for adjuvant activity in a previously well-defined mouse model in vivo, proven suitable for comparison of the observed effects. 37,38 Ovalbumin was used as an antigen for studying the adjuvant effect of mannosylated adamantyltripeptides in CBA (H-2 k ) mouse strain. The comparison of induced anti-OVA IgG levels was carried out quantitatively and the subclasses of IgG, IgG1 and IgG2a, as indicator of Th1 or Th2 type of immune response were also determined ( Figure 3).…”