Comparative study of the effect of different nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and thermal degradation mechanism of in situ prepared poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocomposites

Chrissafis, K.; Antoniadis, G.; Paraskevopoulos, K. M.; Vassiliou, A.A.; Bikiaris, Dimitrios N.

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.10.027

Cited by 194 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 3.3, the glass transition and melting temperatures were found to be -62.63°C and 58.96°C (Appendix A) while at about 400°C, the material exhibited thermal decomposition. Similar results have been obtained in previous studies (Chrissafis et al 2007;Polo Fonseca et al 2007;Shin et al 2004;Sarazin et al 2008). broad peak could be attributed to moisture vaporization from the fiber which is then followed by thermal degradation beyond 350°C.…”

Section: Thermal Behavior Of the Supplied Pcl And Flax Fibersupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

et al. 2011

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The environmental menace associated with the existing eco-unfriendly conventional plastics prompted the exploration of natural polymers such as starch for the development of biodegradable plastics. These efforts have seen starch used in various ways, one of which is in the processing of thermoplastic starch (TPS). Thermoplastic starch (also known as plasticized starch) is the product of the interaction between starch and a plasticizer in the presence of thermomechanical energy. While starch blends with conventional plastics only yield products that biofragment, thermoplastic starch (TPS) offers a completely biodegradable option. However, it is limited in application due to its weak mechanical strength and poor moisture resistance. To this end, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of incorporating polycaprolactone (PCL) and flax fiber into glycerol-plasticized pea starch. The effects of processing moisture content on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch were also evaluated. The physical properties investigated included morphology, tensile properties, moisture absorption, and thermal properties. Accordingly, two thermoplastic pea starch mixtures containing 9.3 and 20% processing moisture contents were prepared while maintaining starch (pea starch) and glycerol in ratio 7:3 by weight (dry basis). Polycaprolactone was then compounded at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40% by weight in the solid phase with the TPS mixtures to determine the effects of processing moisture content and PCL incorporation on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch.This experiment was structured as a 2 x 5 factorial completely randomized design at 5% level of significance. Subsequently, PCL and flax fiber were iii compounded with the TPS mixture containing 20% processing moisture to determine the effects of PCL (0, 20, and 40% wt) and flax fiber (0, 5, 10, and 15% wt) incorporation on the physical properties of glycerol-plasticized pea starch. This was structured as a 3 x 4 factorial completely randomized design at 5% level of significance. All the samples were compressed at 140°C for 45 min under 25000-kg load. The compression-molded samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile test, moisture absorption test, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques.The tensile fracture surfaces showed a moisture-induced fundamental morphological difference between the two TPSs. The TPS prepared at 20% processing moisture content revealed complete starch gelatinization, thus, exhibiting a rather continuous phase whereas the TPS prepared at 9.3% processing moisture content revealed instances of ungelatinized and partly gelatinized pea starch granules. Consequently, the tensile strength, yield strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break increased by 208.6, 602.6, 208.5, and 292.0%, respectively at 20% processing moisture content. The incorporation of PCL reduced the degree of starch gelatinization by interfering with moisture migration during compr...

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Section: Thermal Behavior Of the Supplied Pcl And Flax Fibersupporting

confidence: 79%

Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

et al. 2011

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“…Such a behavior regarding nanoparticles containing hydroxyl groups was also reported for other aliphatic polyesters in the literature. [24][25][26] However, the maximum decomposition rate of PBSu and 20 wt% PBSu-SrHNRs is the same since the peak of DTG is at the same temperature of 424 1C, while for 5 wt% PBSu-SrHNRs the DTG peak is at 429 1C. So, it seems that SrHNRs are mainly catalyzing the initial decomposition steps of PBSu.…”

Section: Loss (Mass Lossmentioning

confidence: 94%

Thermal degradation kinetics and decomposition mechanism of PBSu nanocomposites with silica-nanotubes and strontium hydroxyapatite nanorods

Roumeli

Chrissafis

Lioutas

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Novel poly(butylene succinate) (PBSu) nanocomposites containing 5 and 20 wt% mesoporous strontium hydroxyapatite nanorods (SrHNRs) and silica nanotubes (SiNTs) were prepared by melt-mixing. A systematic investigation of the thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of PBSu was performed using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (Py-GC-MS) and thermogravimetry (TG). Thorough studies of evolving decomposition compounds along with the isoconversional and model-fitting analysis of mass loss data led to the proposal of a decomposition mechanism for PBSu. Moreover, the effects of SrHNRs and SiNTs on the thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of PBSu were also examined in detail. The complementary use of these techniques revealed that the incorporation of SiNTs in PBSu does not induce significant effects neither on its thermal stability nor on its decomposition mechanism. In contrast, the addition of SrHNRs resulted in the catalysis of the initial decomposition steps of PBSu and also in modified decomposition mechanisms and activation energies. The evolving gaseous products of PBSu and their evolution pattern in the SiNT nanocomposites were the same as in neat PBSu, while they were slightly modified for the SrHNR nanocomposites, confirming the findings from thermogravimetric analysis.

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“…Most products require a balance between stiffness and impact strength, and this need has been met using several nanoparticles, at loadings of 10% or less, increasing the range of the material's applications [13][14][15]. Although nanocomposites can be prepared either through melt compounding [16][17][18][19][20] solution blending [21], in situ polymerization techniques [22,23] and sol-gel reactions [24], due to its compatibility with current industrial processes, such as extrusion and injection molding, the absence of organic solvents, and its suitability with most commodity polymers, melt-mixing is 4 probably the most industrially feasible and versatile technique amongst the various strategies used for the preparation of nanocomposites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

Vassiliou¹,

Bikiaris²,

Chrissafis³

et al. 2008

Composites Science and Technology

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Stavrev, et al.. Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties. Composites Science and Technology, Elsevier, 2009, 68 (3-4) AbstractCarbon nanoparticles (CN), synthesized by a shock wave propagation method from the free carbon of the explosive, were dispersed in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) using a twin screw corotating extruder. These materials were analyzed for their tensile properties, crystallization morphology, thermal stability under N 2 , O 2 and air, as well as their permeability rates for N 2 , O 2 and CO 2 . Young's modulus was significantly enhanced, as was the tensile strength at the yield point, although at a smaller extent. However, the tensile strength and elongation at the break point slightly deteriorated with the increase of the filler's concentration. This behavior was attributed to the increase tendency of CN to form aggregates into iPP matrix by increasing its content. The size of aggregates, as was evaluated by extended micro-Raman mapping, is ranged from 1 up to 5 m. The nanoparticles caused a significant reduction of the iPP chain's mobility leading to smaller and less ordered crystallites, with the appearance of -phase crystallites at CN content 5 wt%. In inert atmosphere (N 2 ) the presence of the nanoparticles caused a shift of the starting decomposition temperature (T d ), from 368 up to 418.6 o C, while, under oxygen, thermal decomposition was more complex, displaying more than two stages. The T d was slightly lowered, up to a filler content of 2.5 wt%, with the nanoparticles exhibiting a catalytic role at the beginning of the polymer's decomposition. Under air, the degradation behavior was between ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 those exhibited in inert and O 2 atmospheres. Permeability rates for the gases measured were substantially lowered with increasing filler content.

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Comparative study of the effect of different nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and thermal degradation mechanism of in situ prepared poly(ε-caprolactone) nanocomposites

Cited by 194 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

Effects of Incorporating Polycaprolactone and Flax Fiber into Glycerol-Plasticized Pea Starch

Thermal degradation kinetics and decomposition mechanism of PBSu nanocomposites with silica-nanotubes and strontium hydroxyapatite nanorods

Nanocomposites of isotactic polypropylene with carbon nanoparticles exhibiting enhanced stiffness, thermal stability and gas barrier properties

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