Comparative study of the effect of experimentally induced hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on the parotid gland in adult male albino rats

Hashem, Heba; Saad, Shereen

doi:10.21608/ejh.2019.17411.1174

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, the development of hyperthyroidism was confirmed biochemically and statistically as the level of TSH decreased significantly as compared to the control groups. These changes were in agreement Hashem and Saad (12) . That meant that hyperthyroidism was well established experimentally.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Effect of Induced Hyperthyroidism on Pancreas of Adult Female Albino Rats

Alazouny¹,

Ibrahim²,

Elmaksoud³

et al. 2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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Introduction: A condition known as hyperthyroidism can lead to a wide range of health issues, including osteoporosis, oxidative liver damage, diabetes mellitus, as well as cardiovascular disease. Objective: To examine the detrimental effects of hyperthyroidism on the pancreatic structure of adult female albino rats. Materials and Methods: twenty-one adult virgin female albino rats were assigned to 2 groups; control and induction of hyperthyroidism. Serological analysis to assess thyroid functions, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation analysis was carried out. Pancreatic samples were processed for light microscopic examination. Results: Hyperthyroidism caused both biochemical and histological changes on pancreas of adult female albino rats. The biochemical changes in the form of significant decreased in the thyroid stimulating hormone serum level, significant reduction in level of serum superoxide dismutase and the malondialdehyde level was significantly increased in the hyperthyroid rats. The histological changes were loss of its general architecture. The pancreatic acini appeared irregular, vacuolated and had dark nuclei. Some islets of Langerhans appeared shrunken and the acini did not have the normal smooth demarcation from the surface. Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism seriously affected the histological structure of the pancreas with subsequent disturbance in the biochemical markers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Hashem and Saad (12) observed several vacuoles in the acini of the parotid in hyperthyroid rats and they explained this by lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress that led to damage of cell membrane, increase in water content and hydropic degeneration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Induced Hyperthyroidism on Pancreas of Adult Female Albino Rats

Alazouny¹,

Ibrahim²,

Elmaksoud³

et al. 2022

The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine

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“…It was found that people suffering from thyroid hormone deficiency exhibit a wide range of clinical symptoms, including neurological impairment, difficulty in memory and concentration, and depression (Samuels and Bernstein 2022 ). Experimentally induced hypothyroidism resulted in growth and structural abnormalities of the neurons in the cortex and hippocampus, and impaired neurological function of neonatal rats (Talhada et al 2019 ; Hashem and Saad 2020 ). There is a connection between hypothyroidism and a decrease in long-term potentiation (Głombik et al 2021 ) and deterioration of memory and learning capacity (Alzoubi et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melissa officinalis extract suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the brain of hypothyroidism-induced rats exposed to γ-radiation

Abo-Zaid

Moawed

Taha

et al. 2023

Cell Stress and Chaperones

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The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of Melissa officinalis extract (MEE) against brain damage associated with hypothyroidism induced by propylthiouracil (PTU) and/or γ-radiation (IR) in rats. Hypothyroidism induction and/or exposure to IR resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of T3 and T4 associated with increased levels of lipid peroxidation end product, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitrites (NO) in the brain tissue homogenate. Also, hypothyroidism and /or exposure to IR markedly enhance the endoplasmic reticulum stress by upregulating the gene expressions of the protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6), endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in the brain tissue homogenate associated with a proapoptotic state which indicated by the overexpression of Bax, BCl2, and caspase-12 that culminates in brain damage. Meanwhile, the PTU and /or IR-exposed rats treated with MEE reduced oxidative stress and ERAD through ATF6. Also, the MEE treatment prevented the Bax and caspase-12 gene expression from increasing. This treatment in hypothyroid animals was associated with neuronal protection as indicated by the downregulation in the gene expressions of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain tissue. Furthermore, the administration of MEE ameliorates the histological structure of brain tissue. In conclusion, MEE might prevent hypothyroidism-induced brain damage associated with oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

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“…Mice were treated with 1.2 mg/kg of Carbimazole for 14 days prior hypoxia and Ginkgo biloba and Levothyroxine treatment according Al‐Shaikh et al (2014); Hashem and Saad (2020); Mohammed et al (2022); Adebayo, Aduema, et al (2022); Adebayo, Asiwe, et al (2022), but with slight modification to develop hypothyroidism. After the completion of the hypothyroidism induction, the mice were carefully selected and portioned into four (Adebayo et al, 2021) group excluding two (Adebayo, Aduema, et al, 2022) euthyroid mice groups which were taken as the normal and hypoxic stress control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment with Ginkgo biloba supplement modulates oxidative disturbances, inflammation and vascular functions in oxygen deprived hypothyroid mice: Involvement of endothelin‐1/NO signaling pathways

Adebayo¹,

Aduema

Iwueke

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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A double‐hit biological alteration involving exposure to oxygen deprivation in hypothyroid condition may exacerbate cellular oxidative and inflammatory disturbances comparative to a one‐hit biological exposure. This study investigated the therapeutic effect of Ginkgo biloba as cardioprotective against aortic oxido‐inflammatory disturbances following oxygen deprivation in hypothyroid mice. Male Swiss mice were partitioned into 5 groups (n = 6) for hypothyroidism (Carbimazole 1.2 mg/kg) and hypoxia induction. Group 1 (normal control), group 2 (hypoxic stress control), group 3 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress), group 4 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress and Ginkgo biloba 20 mg/kg; p.o) and group 5 (hypoxic and hypothyroid stress and Levothyroxine 10 μg/kg; p.o) for 14 days. Thereafter, serum and aorta was collected for biochemical evaluation. GBS did not up‐regulate the serum thyroid hormone imbalances (tri‐iodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4)) but maintains the TSH levels. The blood glucose level was reduced with decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in the serum/aorta indicated by inhibited redox status following treatment with GBS. Moreover, endothelin‐1/nitric oxide signaling pathways were markedly regulated in the aorta. Conclusively, GBS acts as a therapeutic agent and may be consider as a potential vasodilator candidate in the management and control of hypoxic stress in hypothyroid condition. Practical applications Treatment with Gingko biloba supplement abated endothelial abnormalities via elevation of nitric oxide release and suppression of endothelin activity in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia. The activity of myeloperoxidase enzyme and redo‐inflammatory status was downregulated following treatment with Gingko biloba supplement in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia. Treatment with Gingko biloba supplement modulates hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis by inhibiting corticosterone release in hypothyroid mice exposed to hypoxic hypoxia.

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Comparative study of the effect of experimentally induced hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on the parotid gland in adult male albino rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Effect of Induced Hyperthyroidism on Pancreas of Adult Female Albino Rats

Effect of Induced Hyperthyroidism on Pancreas of Adult Female Albino Rats

Melissa officinalis extract suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in the brain of hypothyroidism-induced rats exposed to γ-radiation

Treatment with Ginkgo biloba supplement modulates oxidative disturbances, inflammation and vascular functions in oxygen deprived hypothyroid mice: Involvement of endothelin‐1/NO signaling pathways

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