Comparative Study of the Antimicrobial Activity of Selenium Nanoparticles With Different Surface Chemistry and Structure

Abstract

Although selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have gained attention in the scientific community mostly through investigation of their anticancer activity, a great potential of this nanomaterial was recognized recently regarding its antimicrobial activity. The particle form, size, and surface chemistry have been recognized as crucial parameters determining the interaction of nanomaterials with biological entities. Furthermore, considering a narrow boundary between beneficial and toxic effects for selenium per se, it is clear that investigations of biomedical applications of SeNPs are very demanding and must be done with great precautions. The goal of this work is to evaluate the effects of SeNPs surface chemistry and structure on antimicrobial activity against several common bacterial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), and Kocuria rhizophila (ATCC 9341), as well as Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Salmonella Abony (NCTC 6017), Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB 9111) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), and the standard yeast strain Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). Three types of SeNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction approach using different stabilizers and reducing agents: (i) bovine serum albumin (BSA) + ascorbic acid, (ii) chitosan + ascorbic acid, and (iii) with glucose. A thorough physicochemical characterization of the obtained SeNPs was performed to determine the effects of varying synthesis parameters on their morphology, size, structure, and surface chemistry. All SeNPs were amorphous, with spherical morphology and size in the range 70–300 nm. However, the SeNPs obtained under different synthesis conditions, i.e. by using different stabilizers as well as reducing agents, exhibited different antimicrobial activity as well as cytotoxicity which are crucial for their applications. In this paper, the antimicrobial screening of the selected systems is presented, which was determined by the broth microdilution method, and inhibitory influence on the production of monomicrobial and dual-species biofilm was evaluated. The potential mechanism of action of different systems is proposed. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of SeNPs was examined on the MRC-5 cell line, in the same concentration interval as for antimicrobial testing. It was shown that formulation SeNPs-BSA expressed a significantly lower cytotoxic effect than the other two formulations.

Selenium Nanocomposites in Natural Matrices as Potato Recovery Agent

“…Thus, we have shown that all studied Se NCs inhibit the viability of the dangerous phytopathogenic Gram-positive bacteria Cms . Negative effects of Se nanoparticles were also described earlier on other bacteria Staphylococcus aureus [ 19 , 26 ], but we have shown it for the first time for phytopathogens.…”

“…Hybrid nanosystems based on Se NCs can be synthesized by the method of chemical reduction using various stabilizers and reducing agents: bovine serum albumin (BSA) + ascorbic acid, chitosan + ascorbic acid, and glucose. It has been shown that nanocompounds obtained under various synthesis conditions and using various stabilizers and reducing agents exhibit various antimicrobial activities, as well as cytotoxicity, which are of key importance for their application [ 19 ].…”

“…Bacterial biofilm is considered as a high level of bacteria strategy in adaptation to stress [ 31 ]. With the use of Se NCs of a different composition, a significant suppression of biofilm formation of microorganisms S. aureus and Candida albicans was shown [ 19 ]. This revealed fact is extremely important, as it is known that Cms leads to stem wilt due to clogging of conducting vessels in potato stems [ 25 ].…”

Antibacterial Activity of Biosynthesized Selenium Nanoparticles Using Extracts of Calendula officinalis against Potentially Clinical Bacterial Strains

“…Similar sizes and morphologies of SeNPs have been reported using Pelargonium zonale extract [ 16 ]. In this regard, Filipovic et al [ 17 ] demonstrated that the shape and size of NPs are decisive parameters that determine the interaction between NPs and the biological systems in which they are used. In turn, EDX analysis confirmed the presence of elemental Se in the analyzed SeNPs sample ( Figure 3 b).…”

“…Given this, many researchers have focused their study on the development of nanostructured inorganic compounds with antimicrobial activity, such as metals, semi-metals, metal oxides, non-metal oxides, and others [ 31 ]. Among these compounds, the use of SeNPs represents an alternative to conventional products as they are classified as agents with significant antimicrobial activity, especially when dealing with chronic and nosocomial infections caused by bacteria [ 17 ].…”