Comparative study of the accuracy of the PSM and Kogelnik models of diffraction in reflection and transmission holographic gratings

Abstract

Calculated diffractive efficiencies in the visible spectral band from lossless planar holographic gratings are studied using the PSM and Kogelnik models of diffraction for the case of the σ-polarization. The results are numerically compared with rigorous coupled wave calculations over a wide parameter space covering both transmission and reflection geometries. For most reflection gratings, the PSM model is shown to consistently provide a marginally superior estimation of the diffractive efficiency. This is particularly evident in a clearly superior description of the diffractive sideband structure for most gratings, both in terms of angle and wavelength. For the transmission grating, the PSM model continues to provide a relatively good description of diffraction at low permittivity modulations and lower incidence angles with respect to the grating plane normal. However, overall Kogelnik's theory is shown to provide a somewhat superior estimation of diffractive efficiency and a clearly superior description of the diffractive side-band structure in the transmission case.

Diffraction in volume reflection gratings with variable fringe contrast

“…In order to derive useful analytical expressions for the diffraction efficiency for reflection gratings having a depth-dependent fringe contrast, we have used the PSM model [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. We have restricted the analysis here to the unslanted grating; but in fact the same techniques may be applied to gratings of finite slant.…”

“…PSM would also seem the natural starting point for such an analysis, as it seems to provide a somewhat better predictive model of most unslanted reflection gratings than that provided by conventional coupled wave theory [8]. This is not to say that conventional coupled wave theory cannot be used to derive these results.…”

“…Here we shall use the parallel stacked mirror model (PSM) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] to develop analytic expressions for the diffraction efficiency at Bragg resonance describing gratings with a very general fringe contrast profile. In particular we shall show that at Bragg resonance, a reflection grating possessing a general analytic fringe contrast profile exhibits the same diffractive properties as an equivalent grating of constant fringe contrast but of differing thickness.…”

Curved Holographic Optical Elements from a Geometric View Point

“…Another alternative, which is also helpful in visualizing volume diffraction in some instances, suggests, that the Bragg planes serve as partial mirrors or scatterers (due to the Fresenel conditions at boundary interfaces). Thus, in the on-Bragg condition, volume diffraction can be interpreted as reflection at the Bragg planes, see for example [19].…”

“…A similar technique was also used in [17]. The parallel stacked mirror (PSM) method is presented for example in [19]. A introduction into diffraction theory for holography is given in [20], and another survey of different diffraction theories and experimental validation with the focus on the far off-Bragg regime is given in [18].…”