Comparative study of regulated and unregulated toxic emissions characteristics from a spark ignition direct injection light-duty vehicle fueled with gasoline and liquid phase LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)

Myung, Cha Lee; Choi, Kwang Hyun; Kim, Juwon; Lim, Yunsung; Lee, Jong-Tae; Park, Simsoo

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.06.039

Cited by 65 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The GWP km , presented in Table 4, depends on the driving cycle studied. The base case, using NEDC, is extracted from (Nordelöf et al, 2014) and all the other emissions per kilometer are extracted from literature and related to the NEDC (Karabasoglu and Michalek, 2013;Myung et al, 2012) and (Kühlwein et al, 2014) for the WLTC. Equation 5does not depend on any specific country characteristic.…”

Section: = • + ( 5 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction

Casals

Martinez-Laserna²,

García

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

275

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Electric vehicles are considered the most promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles towards a cleaner transportation sector. Having null tailpipe emissions, electric vehicles contribute to fight localized pollution, which is particularly important in overpopulated urban areas. However, the electric vehicle implies greenhouse gas emissions related to its production and to the electricity generation needed to charge its batteries. This study focuses the analysis on how the electric vehicle emissions vary when compared to internal combustion engine vehicles, depending on the electric power plant fleet and the efficiency during the use-phase. For this to be done, the GWP associated to the electricity generation on the electric vehicle most selling European countries are calculated. Similarly, electric vehicle’s use-phase energy efficiency is calculated under a wide range of driving conditions using the Monte Carlo method. The results from energy production and energy use-phases are compared to the GWP calculated for internal combustion engine vehicles for six different driving cycles, to obtain the threshold values for which electric vehicles provide GWP reduction. These threshold values are then matched with the current electricity power plant fleet and the electric vehicle promotion incentives of the European countries considered in the study, showing that some countries (e.g. France or Norway) are better-suited for electric vehicles adoption, while countries like Spain or Portugal should boost electric vehicle promotion policies. Furthermore, other countries in Europe, such as Germany or the UK that are doing an effort on decarbonizing their power plant fleet, do not offer immediate greenhouse gas emission reductions for the uptake of electric vehicles instead of conventional cars.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

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Section: = • + ( 5 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction

Casals

Martinez-Laserna²,

García

et al. 2016

Journal of Cleaner Production

275

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In another study, Chikhi [23] investigated CO, HC, NOx and CO 2 emissions produced by 17 units of bi-fuel vehicle using LPG to replace gasoline and diesel. Moreover, it is also possible to control the sulfur and toxic gases produced by LPG vehicles to achieve better emissions [24,25]. Other studies focus on iso-octane and air mixtures [26], performance characteristics of LPG, CNG and LNG vehicles [27], direct-injection application with lean combustion methods [28], and risk analysis of the safety of LPG-fueled cars [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and application of air to fuel ratio controller for LPG fueled vehicles at typical down-way

et al. 2019

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This article presents an investigation of air-fuel ratio (AFR) controllers applied to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fuelled vehicles with second-generation LPG kits. When a vehicle is running on a down-way, fuel consumption tends to be rich because of the increased vacuum in the intake manifold. Therefore, an AFR controller was developed that can work based on a vehicle's tilt sensor combined with an oxygen sensor. AFR controllers are employed to regulate injectors to form leaner mixtures. We tested the performance of AFR controller at a typical down-way of 10°, 15°, and 20°. As a result, the AFR controller was able to increase AFR value from an average of 14.5 (without controller) to 15.5-16.2, depending on the gear position and down-way angle. Furthermore, a greater of road slope was observed to have produced greater AFR. This AFR controller is very promising to be applied to vehicles operating in mountainous areas.

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“…LPG차량과 배출량 에 대한 비교분석 ( 4 ) , GDI차량의 성능과 연비향상 ( 5 ) , GDI차량에서 냉시동시 배출되는 PM에 대한 연구 ( 6 ) , 그룹홀을 가지는 직분식 GDI차량용 인젝터에 대한 적용가능성에 대한 연구 ( 7 ) , GDI인젝터에서 분사되는 연료의 미립화와 휘발유 대체연료 및 혼합연료에 대 한 연구등 관련 연구에 대해서도 많이 수행 …”

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Investigation on the Exhaust Emission Characteristics of GDI Vehicles According to Various Mileage

Kim¹,

Keel²,

Kang³

et al. 2017

Journal of ILASS-Korea

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Recently, manufacture and sales of passenger car with GDI (Gasoline Direct injection) were dramatically increased in Korea. In this study, investigation on the exhaust emission characteristics of GDI vehicles according to mileage were conducted by using chassis dynamometer and emission analyzer. Test cars selected 5 types with G4FD engine (1600 cc) and emissions of total 14 vehicles analyzed. Measurement and evaluation on emissions (CO, NOx, NMOG, CO2) characteristics of GDI vehicles with mileages from 40,000 to 80,000 km in certification driving cycle (CVS-75) were carried out in this study. It is revealed that emission results of all test cars shows below emission standard, NMOG emission value of about 80,000 km doubled that of 40,000 km and emission increased by accumulated mileage. Also, increasing pattern of NOx emissions shows when the vehicle mileages was increased and CO2 emission increasing trend obviously do not show according to mileages.

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Comparative study of regulated and unregulated toxic emissions characteristics from a spark ignition direct injection light-duty vehicle fueled with gasoline and liquid phase LPG (liquefied petroleum gas)

Cited by 65 publications

References 52 publications

Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction

Sustainability analysis of the electric vehicle use in Europe for CO2 emissions reduction

Design and application of air to fuel ratio controller for LPG fueled vehicles at typical down-way

Investigation on the Exhaust Emission Characteristics of GDI Vehicles According to Various Mileage

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