Comparative Study of Osteogenic Activity of Multilayers Made of Synthetic and Biogenic Polyelectrolytes

Abstract

Polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) coatings on biomaterials are applied to tailor adhesion, growth, and function of cells on biomedical implants. Here, biogenic and synthetic polyelectrolytes (PEL) are used for layer-by-layer assembly to study the osteogenic activity of PEM with human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells in a comparative manner. Formation of PEM is achieved with biogenic PEL fibrinogen (FBG) and poly-l-lysine (PLL) as well as biotinylated chondroitin sulfate (BCS) and avidin (AVI), while poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) represent a fully synthetic PEM used as a reference system here. Surface plasmon resonance measurements show highest layer mass for FBG/PLL and similar for PSS/PAH and BCS/AVI systems, while water contact angle and zeta potential measurements indicate larger differences for PSS/PAH and FBG/PLL but not for BCS/AVI multilayers. All PEM systems support cell adhesion and growth and promote osteogenic differentiation as well. However, FBG/PLL layers are superior regarding MG-63 cell adhesion during short-term culture, while the BCS/AVI system increases alkaline phosphatase activity in long-term culture. Particularly, a multilayer system based on affinity interaction like BCS/AVI may be useful for controlled presentation of biotinylated growth factors to promote growth and differentiation of cells for biomedical applications.

Layer-By-Layer Assemblies of Biopolymers: Build-Up, Mechanical Stability and Molecular Dynamics

“…Natural polyelectrolytes, such as components of the extracellular matrix (hyaluronate, collagen, elastin, fibronectin, laminin), proteins (protamine, gelatin), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and polysaccharides (which are the most abundant family of natural polymers), have also gained considerable attention as the building blocks for the multilayers [ 24 ]. PEMs fabricated from such biogenic polyelectrolytes hold specific bioactivities (e.g., ant-inflammatory [ 25 , 26 ] and osteogenic activities [ 27 ]) that are useful for a variety of bioapplications. In some studies, self-assembled structures such as liposomes and micelles were also used as the building blocks for LbL deposition [ 28 , 29 ].…”

Which Biopolymers Are Better for the Fabrication of Multilayer Capsules? A Comparative Study Using Vaterite CaCO3 as Templates

“… 3 − 5 Since polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) formed of biogenic polyelectrolytes are relatively nontoxic and biodegradable 13 , 14 and may possess specific bioactivities ( e.g. , osteogenic 15 or anti-inflammatory 16 ), there is a high demand for the design of biopolymer-based capsules.…”

Contact-Triggered Lipofection from Multilayer Films Designed as Surfaces for in Situ Transfection Strategies in Tissue Engineering

“…Subsequently, the different layers penetrate partially into each other. 60,61 While examining the values at pH Comparable surface properties were observed for the construction of the LbL system with the liposome protocol. The single layers are not strictly separated; PZC values below 7 imply that they partially interpenetrate, although a cationic component is a terminal layer (Figure 4B).…”