Comparative study of lignin fractionation by ultrafiltration and selective precipitation

Toledano, Ana; Serrano, Luís; García, Araceli; Mondragón, Iñaki; Labidi, Jalel

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2009.10.056

Cited by 200 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In this study, the S/G ratio was determined according to the literature (Mörck et al 1988;Pu and Ragauskas 2005;Samuel et al 2010) based on the peaks in the regions δ C 102-109 and 110-121 ppm, which represent C 2 /C 6 in syringyl and guaiacyl units in the precipitated lignin. In agreement with the literature, the S/G ratios of precipitated lignin with lower MWts are higher (Mörck et al 1988;Toledano et al 2010).…”

Section: Quantitative Nmr Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 79%

The molecular properties and carbohydrate content of lignins precipitated from black liquor

Zhu

Westman²,

Theliander³

2014

Holzforschung

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Precipitation and utilization of lignin from black liquor (BL) offers many promising advantages to modern kraft pulp mills. A novel process, known as "LignoBoost", has recently been introduced as a process for separating lignin from BL; it results in lignins with a low ash and high dry solid content. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the influences of process parameters on the behavior of lignin in the precipitation step. In this study, the yield of precipitated lignin and its average molecular weight (MWt) and carbohydrate content were the focus. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis showed that the lignin yield increased at lower pH and temperatures or when the ion strength of BL was elevated. High yield lignins contained more low MWt components and such lignins have more phenolic OH and methoxy groups. Xylan content of the lignins decreased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature, but glucomannan content was virtually unaffected by the conditions of precipitation.

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Section: Quantitative Nmr Spectroscopysupporting

confidence: 79%

The molecular properties and carbohydrate content of lignins precipitated from black liquor

Zhu

Westman²,

Theliander³

2014

Holzforschung

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“…Kraft lignin-CO 2 gave a DTGmax of 381 °C. Temperatures of 366 °C and 381 °C were assigned to the respective degradation of lignin treated with ionic liquid and kraft lignin (Toledano et al 2010;Toshihiro et al 2009). This difference in degradation temperature could be explained by a loss of mass of the kraft lignin-CO 2 after dissolution in the ionic liquid.…”

Section: Yield: 80%mentioning

confidence: 99%

New Ionic Liquid for the Dissolution of Lignin

et al. 2013

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This work aims to develop a new ionic liquid, used as an aprotic green ä solvent, to dissolve kraft lignin from black liquor. The kraft lignin was extracted through precipitation with carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure. 1,.0]undec-7-ene-based ionic liquids were obtained by quaternization of the nitrogen atom with a hydrogen atom or an alkyl chain. The yields of the synthesis of the ionic liquids varied between 76 and 80%. Dissolving experiments were carried out using the lignin isolated from the black liquor of a kraft process. Up to 20% (w/w) of the lignin can be dissolved in butyl-1,8 . The time it takes to dissolve the lignin in these three liquids shows that its solubility is influenced mostly by the nature of the cations. The lignin solubility was reduced in relation to the increased length of the grafted carbon chain. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed these liquids can be used as lignin solvents from room temperature up to 300 °C (onset of degradation). Steric exclusion chromatography showed a slight decrease (6%) in the molecular weight of the lignin dissolved in these ionic liquids.

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“…Several fractionation schemes have been proposed (Örså and Holmbom 1994;Neto et al 1999;Holmbom and Sundberg 2003;Pranovich et al 2005;Toledano et al 2010). Centrifugation is a very reliable method to separate DCS from a fiber suspension (Örså and Holmbom 1994;Holmbom and Sundberg 2003;Sundberg et al 2000a) (see Fig.…”

Section: Fractionation Schemes For Analysis Of Dcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, Valto et al (2011) used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to fractionate the extractives obtained from papermaking process waters, allowing definitive analysis of their chemical composition. Duarte et al (2003), Yuan et al (2009), andToledano et al (2010) employed ultrafiltration to separate lignin-related fractions from the effluent from bleached kraft pulp mills. For completeness it should be mentioned that there are alternative approaches involving multivariate analysis of mixtures.…”

Section: Fractionation Schemes For Analysis Of Dcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Neto et al (1999) were able to identify more than 60 compounds in samples of black liquor from kraft pulping by a comprehensive fractional solubilization scheme employing ether and water. Since the solubility of lignin components in water tends to drop with decreasing pH, stagewise reduction of pH can be used as an effective means of fractionation of such compounds (Toledano et al 2010). Nuopponen et al (2004) used UV resonance Raman spectroscopy to identify unsaturated components in extractives.…”

Section: Fractionation Schemes For Analysis Of Dcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolved and Colloidal Substances (Dcs) and the Charge Demand of Papermaking Process Waters and Suspensions: A Review

et al. 2012

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Dissolved and colloidal substances (DCS) in the process waters of paper machine systems can interfere with the retention of fine particles, retard the drainage of water from the wet web, and generally hurt the intended functions of various polyelectrolytes that are added to the process. This review considers publications that have attempted to characterize the nature and effects of different DCS fractions, in addition to some of the ways that paper technologists have attempted to overcome related problems. The consequences of DCS in a paper machine system can be traced to their ability to form complexes with various polyelectrolytes. Such tendencies can be understood based on a relatively strong complexing ability of multivalent materials, depending on the macromolecular size and charge density. Continuing research is needed to more fully understand the different contributions to cationic demand in various paper machine systems and to find more efficient means of dealing with DCS.

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Comparative study of lignin fractionation by ultrafiltration and selective precipitation

Cited by 200 publications

References 24 publications

The molecular properties and carbohydrate content of lignins precipitated from black liquor

The molecular properties and carbohydrate content of lignins precipitated from black liquor

New Ionic Liquid for the Dissolution of Lignin

Dissolved and Colloidal Substances (Dcs) and the Charge Demand of Papermaking Process Waters and Suspensions: A Review

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