Comparative Study of Equivalent Circuit Models Performance in Four Common Lithium-Ion Batteries: LFP, NMC, LMO, NCA

Fowler, Michael; DaCosta, Andre; Mevawalla, Anosh; Panchal, Satyam; Fowler, Michael

doi:10.3390/batteries7030051

Cited by 154 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Different equivalent electric models for battery exist in the literature [32][33][34][35]. In this paper, the equivalent electrical model of battery is presented in Figure 4.…”

Section: Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photovoltaic-Battery-Ultracapacitor-Diesel Hybrid Generation System for Mobile Hospital Energy Supply

et al. 2022

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This paper deals with the energy management of a hybrid power system, which consists of a photovoltaic (PV) system, diesel generators, battery, and ultracapacitor for a mobile hospital. The proposed power system can supply energy to shelter hospitals for better treatment of patients in remote states, particularly in the event of a pandemic situation such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this reason, a hybrid power system in which a diesel generator is used with a photovoltaic energy source for reliable availability of power supply. Moreover, battery and ultracapacitor are also integrated to obtain a hybrid power generation and storage system to ensure the smooth operation of mobile hospitals irrespective of weather conditions. A boost converter is used with PV panels to operate them in either maximum power tracking mode or power curtailment mode. The battery is connected to a bidirectional reversible DC-DC converter for direct-current (DC) bus voltage regulation and state of charge control. The ultracapacitor is associated with the battery to compensate for the peak power. The diesel generator is connected in parallel with the photovoltaic generator, battery, and ultracapacitor to continuously provide the power required by the load. The integrated operation of all generation sources and storage systems is complex for shelter hospitals. Therefore, an efficient energy management algorithm is developed to manage the continuous energy flow between different elements of the hybrid power system and mobile hospital load through the control of the power converters. Finally, validation results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed energy management algorithm for the hybrid power system.

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“…Different equivalent electric models for battery exist in the literature [32][33][34][35]. In this paper, the equivalent electrical model of battery is presented in Figure 4.…”

Section: Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, the equivalent electrical model of battery is presented in Figure 4. The battery model consists of an ideal battery as a voltage source E o , an internal leakage resistance R bat , polarization resistance R p , and polarization capacitance C p [34,35]. The output voltage of battery is modeled as:…”

Section: Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic-Battery-Ultracapacitor-Diesel Hybrid Generation System for Mobile Hospital Energy Supply

et al. 2022

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“…The battery cell voltage model used to represent the cells in this study was the Thevenin ECM, as shown in Figure 2. This model provides a good balance between computational efficiency and accuracy [26][27][28][29]. The Thevenin ECM consists of four main parameters, which are V oc , R 0 , R 1 , and C 1 .…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Individual Cells Replacement Concept in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs with Analysis on Economic Feasibility and Pack Design Requirements

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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The optimization of lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack usage has become essential due to the increasing demand for Li-ion batteries. Since degradation in Li-ion batteries is inevitable, there has been some effort recently on research to maximize the utilization of Li-ion battery cells in the pack. Some promising concepts include reconfigurable battery packs and cell replacement to limit the negative impact of early-degraded cells on the entire pack. This paper used a simulation framework, based on a cell voltage model and a degradation model, to study the feasibility and benefits of the cell replacement concept. The simulation conducted in MATLAB involves generating and varying Li-ion cells in the packs stochastically and simulating the life of the cells as well as the packs until they reach their end-of-life stage. It was found that the cell replacement method can increase the total number of cycles of the battery packs, effectively prolonging the lifespan of the packs. It is also determined that this approach can be more economically beneficial than the current approach of simple pack replacement. For the cell replacement concept to be practical, two main design criteria should be satisfied including individual cell monitoring and easy accessibility to cells at failure stage.

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“…Tran, et al [6] established the equivalent circuit model of a lithium-ion battery that depends on the state of charge, temperature and state of health, which has a high accuracy and can be effectively monitored for lithium batteries. In [7], the performance of three different equivalent circuit models was studied and compared using the chemical composition of four kinds of lithium battery, and the best model for each lithium battery was determined. Model-based methods are required for signal processing and a large amount of calculation when dealing with complex and non-linear systems, which makes them difficult to apply to a variety of EVs, so the versatility is poor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the parameter of the normal charging voltage DBN model; g t is the gradient vector during normal charging voltage DBN model training; η represents the learning rate of the normal charging voltage DBN model training; J(θ t ) is the partition function of the RBM in the normal charging voltage DBN model, that is, Equation (3); ∇ θt is the partial derivative of J(θ t ) and θ; m t and v t are the first-order moment (mean) and second-order moment (variance) of the gradient during the training of the normal charging voltage DBN model; mt and vt represent the deviation correction of m t and v t , which are used to offset the deviation; β 1 and β 2 are the exponential decay rates of m t and v t ; ε is the correction parameter to ensure that the denominator is non-zero; t is the number of iterations in the training of the normal charging voltage DBN model. Bringing Equation(7) into Equations (…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fault Warning Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Process Based on Adaptive Deep Belief Network

Gao

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2021

WEVJ

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If an accident occurs during charging of an electric vehicle (EV), it will cause serious damage to the car, the person and the charging facility. Therefore, this paper proposes a fault warning method for an EV charging process based on an adaptive deep belief network (ADBN). The method uses Nesterov-accelerated adaptive moment estimation (NAdam) to optimize the training process of a deep belief network (DBN), and uses the historical data of EV charging to construct the ADBN of the normal charging process of an EV model. The real-time data of EV charging is obtained and input into the constructed ADBN model to predict the output, calculate the Pearson coefficient between the predicted output and the actual measured value, and judge whether there is a fault according to the size of the Pearson coefficient to realize the fault warning of the EV charging process. The experimental results show that the method is not only able to accurately warn of a fault in the EV charging process, but also has higher warning accuracy compared with the back propagation neural network (BPNN) and conventional DBN methods.

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Comparative Study of Equivalent Circuit Models Performance in Four Common Lithium-Ion Batteries: LFP, NMC, LMO, NCA

Cited by 154 publications

References 34 publications

Photovoltaic-Battery-Ultracapacitor-Diesel Hybrid Generation System for Mobile Hospital Energy Supply

Photovoltaic-Battery-Ultracapacitor-Diesel Hybrid Generation System for Mobile Hospital Energy Supply

Investigation of Individual Cells Replacement Concept in Lithium-Ion Battery Packs with Analysis on Economic Feasibility and Pack Design Requirements

A Fault Warning Method for Electric Vehicle Charging Process Based on Adaptive Deep Belief Network

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