Comparative study of dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles in motorway, highway and urban stretches

García-Vázquez, Carlos Andrés; Llorens-Iborra, Francisco; Fernández‐Ramírez, Luis M.; Sánchez-Sainz, Higinio

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.07.016

Cited by 50 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The promotion of wireless chargers and their extended use in dynamic or stationary scenarios [13] inevitably imposes coil misalignments in most cases. Thus, it is necessary to analyse the performance of the wireless charger taking into account this circumstance.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysis Of the Coil Misalignment Effects On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, it is expected that there will be an increased number of scenarios where coil misalignments will be present. This is due to the promotion of the use of wireless charge while the vehicle is moving (dynamic charge) or temporally stopped due to traffic signals (stationary charge) [13]. The effect of coil misalignment has already been studied in regard to power transfer, but the analysis regarding its impact on the communication channel is still missing [14].This paper analyses the capacity of the wireless channel created between the two power coils.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

2018

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The penetration rate of electric vehicles (EVs) will experience a relative increment in the future, so easy to use ways to recharge will be demanded. In this sense, wireless charging represents a safe charging method that minimises user intervention. In a similar way to conductive charge, wireless charging requires some information exchange between the charger primary side and secondary side (battery) for safety and operational reasons. Thus, wireless chargers depend on a communication system for their controlled and correct operation. This paper analysed the communication performance of a wireless EV charger in which the communiction device is part of the wireless power transfer system. Particularly, this work studies how the communication system reacts to power coil displacements, which commonly occur in their conventional performance. The results show that the compensation topology selected to ensure the resonant operation clearly impacts on the communication performance. In particular, the theoretical model and the simulation results demonstrate that the asymmetrical compensation topologies are more stable in terms of the wireless communication channel capacity.Energies 2018, 11, 538 2 of 11 For this information exchange, wired communication is advised against, as it will eliminate the main benefits reported by the wireless chargers. Several wireless-based communication techniques have been proposed as alternatives. The more straightforward strategy consists of opting for some commercial wireless modules, which could be inserted in the primary and secondary sides. Coordination between the modules and some security drawbacks are the main concerns which could make this solution inoperative [7]. To obtain more reliable communication, these solutions can be complemented, or even avoided, by using the same wireless link that is involved with the wireless charger.Several papers have been published regarding the use of the coils for the simultaneous transmission of data and power in EV wireless chargers. In [8], the authors designed a scheme where both data and power are transmitted at the same time. Specifically, data and power are generated at different frequencies (1.6 MHz and 22.4 kHz, respectively). A similar scheme was published in [9]. Both schemes are complex to implement, as they have to add high-frequency data communication modules, extra coils and filters to separate the power and data processing accordingly. As demonstrated in [10,11], additional costs can be avoided if the power converters employed to create the high-frequency signal generate the data signal too. According to this strategy, data and power are transmitted at the same frequency. The work in [10] included experimental results which show how this kind of combination is feasible for a 700-W wireless charger operating at 22 kHz. In fact, the spectrum of the data signal is centered at the frequency in which the wireless charger resonates. On the other hand, the data protocol is based on the BFSK (Binary Frequency Shift Keying).As demonstrated ...

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Section: Theoretical Analysis Of the Coil Misalignment Effects On Thementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

2018

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“…Among them, the vehicle model identification number indicates the mutual inductance value when the two coils are aligned. As soon as the data was transmitted, the ideal DC-DC converter reference output voltage v ref-align will be obtained by (3). In consideration of the lateral misalignment, a voltage margin v margin should be added into the reference voltage, then the real DC-DC converter reference voltage v ref (k) should be…”

Section: Design Of Fuzzy Control Dc-dc Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous charging types (such as inductive, magnetic resonant, and energy collection) and different coupling modes (such as stationary charging and dynamic charging) for WPT system had been proposed [3]. Among these different modes, the dynamic wireless charging with magnetic resonant charging type promises to significantly extend the vehicle mileage, decrease battery size, and improve the power density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multiple Legs Inverter with Real Time–Reflected Load Detection Used in the Dynamic Wireless Charging System of Electric Vehicles

Tian

et al. 2018

Energies

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Dynamic wireless power transfer is a potentially effective method to solve issues related to the range anxiety of electric vehicles (EVs) and reduce the cost of on-board batteries. A novel multiple legs inverter topology with a reflected load identification method for dynamic EV charging is proposed in this paper. In the proposed circuit topology, several inductor-capacitor-capacitor (LCC) reactive power compensation resonant networks and primary pads are selectively excited through a sole primary converter. Besides, a high-response and simple method for the reflected load identification is proposed to rapidly and precisely detect the EV's position, providing accurate power regulation reference to the converter. With the proposed method, the system can realize high-response and closed-loop power control precisely without any additional wireless communication and position detection devices. Simulation and experimental results verified the efficiency of the proposed scheme. Additionally, the cost comparison results reveal that the proposed scheme could reduce costs by nearly 78% in comparison with the conventional scheme.

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“…Since the power is constantly picked up from WPT, EVs not only can be freed from a short driving-range and limited availability of charging stations but also can be fitted with smaller and lighter batteries for improved efficiency [9,10]. Thus, wireless charging technology is considered as a unique and optimal solution for EVs, and the technology has recently been introduced to EVs for the first time to enhance ease of use and everyday practicality of EVs [11][12][13]. Also, Renault and Qualcomm Technologies recently tested two electric vehicles equipped with the dynamic wireless charging technology, which is capable of charging a moving vehicle by delivering 20 kilowatts of electricity at speeds up to 100 kilometers per hour [14].Technology development, however, is characterized by irregular growth of constituent sub-technology elements, and due to such unevenness, the evolution of technology can be hampered by the element with the lowest level of development or performance, which is known as the reverse salient [15,16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Text Mining for Patent Analysis to Forecast Emerging Technologies in Wireless Power Transfer

et al. 2019

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Governments around the world are planning to ban sales of vehicles running on petroleum-based fuels as an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and electric vehicles surfaced as a solution to decrease pollutants produced by the transportation sector. As a result, wireless power transfer technology has recently gained much attention as a convenient and practical method for charging electric vehicles. In this paper, patent analysis is conducted to identify emerging and vacant technology areas of wireless power transfer. Topics are first extracted from patents by text mining, and the topics with similar semantics are grouped together to form clusters. Then, the process of identifying emerging and vacant technology areas is improved by applying a time series analysis and innovation cycle of technology to the clustering result. Lastly, the results of clustering, time series, and innovation cycle are compared to minimize the possibility of misidentifying emerging and vacant technology areas, thus improving the accuracy of the identification process and the validity of the identified technology areas. The analysis results revealed that one emerging technology area and two vacant technology areas exist in wireless power transfer. The emerging technology area identified is circuitries consisting of transmitter coils and receiver coils for wireless power transfer, and the two vacant technology areas identified are wireless charging methods based on resonant inductive coupling and wireless power transfer condition monitoring methods or devices.

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Comparative study of dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles in motorway, highway and urban stretches

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

Impact of Coil Misalignment in Data Transmission over the Inductive Link of an EV Wireless Charger

A Multiple Legs Inverter with Real Time–Reflected Load Detection Used in the Dynamic Wireless Charging System of Electric Vehicles

Text Mining for Patent Analysis to Forecast Emerging Technologies in Wireless Power Transfer

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